Impact of High-Sucrose Diet on the mRNA Levels for Elongases and Desaturases and Estimated Protein Activity in Rat Adipose Tissue.

Fatty acids (FAs) present in the adipose tissue (AT) can be modified by elongases and desaturases. These enzymes are regulated by different factors including nutrients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of high-sucrose diet (HSD; 68% sucrose) on the levels of mRNAs for elongases (Elovl2, Elovl5, Elovl6) and desaturases (Fads1, Fads2, Scd) and on the activity of the corresponding proteins in the rat AT.

Effect of high carbohydrate diet on elongase and desaturase activity and accompanying gene expression in rat's liver.

Background: Hepatic fatty acids (FAs) are modified through different metabolic pathways including elongation and desaturation. These processes are catalyzed by elongases and desaturases, respectively. Glucose, by transcription factors, regulates these processes.

Expression of metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in basal-cell carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to compare the expressions of mRNA for metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and type IV collagen in two different histological types of basal-cell carcinoma (BCCs; nodular and infiltrative) and in normal tissues from the tumor interface. The study included biopsy specimens of the skin involved with BCC and normal skin adjacent the lesion. The expressions of mRNA for MMP-2, MMP-9 and type IV collagen were determined by means of RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction).

Robust pro-inflammatory immune response is associated with serological cure in patients with syphilis: an observational study.

Objectives: Approximately 15% of adequately treated patients with early syphilis remain serofast. Pathogenesis and clinical significance of this phenomenon is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is any association between host immune response and treatment outcome (serofast state or proper serological response).

Association of Calcium and Phosphate Balance, Vitamin D, PTH, and Calcitonin in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study of 2 groups of patients with scoliosis, and an age-matched control group was conducted. Each of the groups such as patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) as well as control group were divided additionally into 2 groups: premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the levels of 25-OH-vitamin D3, calcium and phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin in serum of pre- and postmenarcheal girls with AIS and corresponding groups of scoliosis-free controls.

Participation of sex hormones in multifactorial pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: In order to verify the potential association between the aetiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and the process of sexual maturation, we determined the concentrations of oestrogens in pre- and postmenarcheal girls affected by this condition. AIS, occurring mostly in pubescent girls, is one of the most frequent forms of faulty posture. Therefore, it was assumed that the multifactorial pathomechanism of AIS involves significant deficiency of oestrogens.

The effects of exercise in water at 4°C and 25°C on the rheological properties of blood and the composition of fatty acids in the erythrocyte membranes of laboratory rats.

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of a single session of maximal exercise performed in water (4°C or 25°C) on blood rheological properties and the composition of fatty acids in the erythrocyte membranes of laboratory rats. This study will permit better understanding of the reactions occurring in the organism during rapid cooling in cold water, especially in regards to the hemorheological and biochemical parameters of blood. When compared to the control group, exercise performed in water at 4°C led to an increase in the elongation index (EI, from 0.

Effects of cold water swimming on blood rheological properties and composition of fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes of untrained older rats.

This is the first report on the effects of a single bout of swimming to exhaustion in cold water on rat erythrocyte deformability, aggregation and fatty acid composition in erythrocyte membranes. The results indicate that there was a significant decrease in body temperature of experimental rats swimming in water at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C when compared to the control. Erythrocyte aggregation indices did not change after swimming in water at 4 degrees C whereas erythrocyte deformability increased at shear stress 1,13 [Pa] and 15,96 [Pa].

Development and validation of GC-FID method for the determination of ethanol residue in marjoram ointment.

Our study describes the procedure development and validation of the GC-FID method for the determination of ethanol content in marjoram ointment. At the validation procedure linearity ranged from 1 x 10(-4)% to 1 x 10(-1)%, limit of detection was 5 x 10(-5)%, relative standard deviation for precision RSD = 1.07%, relative standard deviation for intermediate precision RSD = 1.

Concentration of selected regulators of calcium-phosphate balance in girls with idiopathic scoliosis.

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most frequent spinal deformities diagnosed by orthopaedists. Our knowledge about the epidemiology and aetiology of this disease is still not broad enough. This paper analyses yet another factor that may influence the onset and progress of scoliosis.

Adverse effect of fenofibrate on branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex in rat's liver.

Branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogense complex (BCKDH) is a regulatory enzyme of valine, isoleucine and leucine catabolism. Its activity is mainly regulated by covalent modification achieved by a specific BCKDH kinase (BDK) and phosphatase (BDP). The goal of our study was to investigate the effect of increasing doses of fenofibrate on BDK and BCKDH activities in rat's liver.

Concentration of estradiol in girls with idiophatic scoliosis.

Background. Idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most often diagnosed by orthopaedists forms of spine cord deformations. Our knowledge about epidemiology and aetiology of this disease is still not broad enough.

Role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4 (PDHK4) in glucose homoeostasis during starvation.

The PDC (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) is strongly inhibited by phosphorylation during starvation to conserve substrates for gluconeogenesis. The role of PDHK4 (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4) in regulation of PDC by this mechanism was investigated with PDHK4-/- mice (homozygous PDHK4 knockout mice). Starvation lowers blood glucose more in mice lacking PDHK4 than in wild-type mice.

Clofibric acid stimulates branched-chain amino acid catabolism by three mechanisms.

Clofibrate promotes catabolism of branched-chain amino acids by increasing the activity of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase [BCKDH] complex. Depending upon the sex of the rats, nutritional state, and tissue being studied, clofibrate can affect BCKDH complex activity by three different mechanisms. First, by directly inhibiting BCKDH kinase activity, clofibrate can increase the proportion of the BCKDH complex in the active, dephosphorylated state.