Risk of seizures in a population of women with BRCA-positive metastatic breast cancer from an electronic health record database in the United States.

Background: Incidence and risk factors for seizures among women with advanced breast cancer (BC) and brain metastases are not well characterized across treatment-related or clinical subtypes. This study leveraged a large real-world dataset to describe incidence and risk factors for seizures in BRCA-associated metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: The Optum® de-identified electronic health records database was used.

Comparison Between Health Insurance Claims and Electronic Health Records (EHRs) for Metastatic Non-small-cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patient Characteristics and Treatment Patterns: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The clinical landscape in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment has rapidly evolved in recent years. Real-world data (RWD) can provide insights into current clinical practice.

Objective: This study examined the patient characteristics and treatment patterns of patients with metastatic NSCLC using RWD sources.

Risk Minimization of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Oncology: A Review.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are new treatment options for certain cancers, especially those in advanced states with limited treatment options. Their unique design provides targeted therapy with toxins that otherwise would not be available, but they manifest toxicities that require risk minimization interventions to optimize their tolerability. We summarize selected toxicities for ADCs that have been approved through the end of 2020 and three investigational ADCs, which include both payload and linker, as described in the US Prescribing Information, the European Summary of Product Characteristics, and study protocols.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Pneumonitis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Observational Analysis of Real-World Data.

Introduction: The incidence of pneumonitis, a treatment-related adverse event (AE) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, has been studied in the United States mostly through clinical trials and retrospective chart reviews. Few analyses of real-world data have been published. This study of a large nationally representative health records database estimated the incidence and predictors of pneumonitis among treated NSCLC patients between 2008 and 2018.

BRCA testing and outcomes in women with breast cancer.

Main Purpose: Germline BRCA mutations (BRCAm) strongly influence the risk of developing breast cancer. This study aimed to understand the role of BRCAm testing in affected individuals and to assess its impact on the outcome of BRCAm carriers compared to non-carriers (BRCAwt) with breast cancer.

Research Question: The research question is "Does standard of care testing for BRCAm improve survival outcomes of breast cancer patients?"

Methods: In a single institution observational cohort study, demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between breast cancer patients with and without BRCAm.

Clinical outcomes of female breast cancer according to BRCA mutation status.

Background: To investigate breast cancer prognosis (disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS)) among carriers of germline BRCA mutations (BRCAm) in Denmark.

Methods: We identified all women in Central and Northern Denmark diagnosed with breast cancer during 2004-2011. We retrieved information on germline BRCAm testing from Clinical Genetics departments and clinical/treatment characteristics from population-based medical registries.

Impact of primary platinum-free interval and BRCA1/2 mutation status on treatment and survival in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.

Objective: To understand the relationship between primary platinum-free interval (PFI), BRCA mutation status, and overall survival (OS) in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer receiving multiple lines of therapy in a multicenter, community-based, retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients with stage III-IV high-grade ovarian cancer.

Methods: Data were retrospectively obtained from the electronic health record (EHR) of a US community oncology network, including patient characteristics, subsequent treatments, primary PFI, and BRCA status. OS was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, stratified by primary PFI and BRCA status.

BRCA testing, treatment patterns and survival in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer - an observational cohort study.

Background: Breast cancer associated (BRCA) genes are critical for DNA repair. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCAm) result in loss of these repair mechanisms and potential carcinogenesis. Germline BRCAm are common in ovarian carcinomas, particularly in platinum-sensitive disease.

Selecting Patients with Ovarian Cancer for Germline BRCA Mutation Testing: Findings from Guidelines and a Systematic Literature Review.

Introduction: One of the most significant risk factors for the development of ovarian cancer (OC) is a genetic mutation in BRCA1 (breast cancer gene 1) or BRCA2. Here we describe the impact of previous and current guidance on BRCA testing practices and provide evidence about which characteristics best identify patients with OC and an underlying germline BRCA mutation.

Methods: A search was conducted for guidelines recommending genetic testing to identify constitutional pathogenic mutations in the BRCA genes.

Epidemiology of Patients with Ovarian Cancer with and Without a BRCA1/2 Mutation.

Ovarian cancer survival rates have improved only slightly in recent decades; however, treatment of this disease is expected to undergo rapid change as strategies incorporating molecular-targeted therapies enter clinical practice. Carriers of deleterious mutations (defined as a harmful mutation) in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene (BRCAm) have a significantly increased risk of developing ovarian cancer. Epidemiology data in large (>500 patients) unselected ovarian cancer populations suggest that the expected incidence rate for BRCAm in this population is 12-14 %.

Safety assessment of an anti-obesity drug (sibutramine): a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Obesity is a serious and rapidly growing health problem worldwide. Few therapies are available beyond diet, exercise and bariatric surgery. A previously approved medication, sibutramine, has been withdrawn from the market due to concerns over the potential of increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, based on a phase IV clinical trial that included only individuals at high risk for CV events.

Comparison of male and female breast cancer incidence trends, tumor characteristics, and survival.

Purpose: To compare male and female breast cancer and to determine the predictors of tumor characteristics and survival in both genders.

Methods: Male (n = 2923) and female breast cancer cases (n = 442,500) from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry were analyzed. Joinpoint regression was performed to detect changes in incidence trends from 1973 to 2001.

Why do postmenopausal African-American women not benefit from overall breast cancer mortality decline?

Background: An overall decline in U.S. female breast cancer mortality in the 1990s has been reported.

Long-term all-sites cancer mortality time trends in Ohio, USA, 1970-2001: differences by race, gender and age.

Background: There were significant changes in cancer mortality in the USA over the last several decades, in the whole country and in particular states. However, no in depth analysis has been published so far, dealing with changes in mortality time trends in the state of Ohio. Since the state of Ohio belongs to the states of relatively high level of all-sites mortality in both males and females, it is of interest to analyze recent changes in mortality rates, as well as to compare them with the situation in the rest of the USA.

Mortality from lung cancer and tobacco smoking in Ohio (U.S.): will increasing smoking prevalence reverse current decreases in mortality?

Background: Despite significant changes in smoking patterns within the past few decades, lung cancer remains a major cause of cancer deaths in many developed countries in people of each sex, and one of the most important public health issues. The study aims to analyze the possible impact of changes in tobacco smoking practices in the state of Ohio (U.S.

Testicular cancer incidence in eight northern European countries: secular and recent trends.

Objective: Striking geographic variation and marked increasing secular trends characterize the incidence of testicular cancer. However, it is not known whether these patterns have attenuated in recent years and whether they are similar for seminomas and nonseminomas, the two main histologic groups of testicular cancer.

Method: Cancer registry data, including 27,030 testicular cancer cases, were obtained from Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, and Sweden.

Breast cancer mortality patterns and time trends in 10 new EU member states: mortality declining in young women, but still increasing in the elderly.

Breast cancer is the cancer diagnosed most frequently in women worldwide. In Europe it is the most common cancer in the female population, with approximately 350,000 new cases diagnosed each year including 130,000 deaths. Incidence rates are increasing in the majority of European countries, whereas a decline in mortality rates has been observed in many West European countries since the late 1980s and early 1990s.

Lung cancer mortality patterns in selected Central, Eastern and Southern European countries.

Significant changes in the prevalence of tobacco smoking have been observed in many European countries. EU candidate countries have also experienced major changes with respect to tobacco smoking, which have resulted in changes in the frequency of lung cancer. In men in the majority of these countries, a reduction of mortality rates has been observed recently, while in Hungary and Poland a deceleration of mortality increase was observed in the 1990s.

Pleural mesothelioma incidence in Europe: evidence of some deceleration in the increasing trends.

Objective: To summarize the geographical and temporal variations in incidence of pleural mesothelioma in Europe, using the extensive data available from European general cancer registries, and consider these in light of recent trends in asbestos extraction, use and import in European countries.

Material And Methods: The data were extracted from the European Cancer Incidence and Mortality database (EUROCIM). The inclusion criteria was acceptance in Volume VII of Cancer Incidence in Five Continents.

Lung cancer in Europe in 2000: epidemiology, prevention, and early detection.

Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world. In men, the highest incidence rates are seen in Europe (especially eastern Europe) and North America. In women, high incidence rates are found in North America and in Europe, particularly in northern and western Europe.