Gender Gap in Neurology Research Authorship (1946-2020).

Gender disparity in the field of neurology impedes scientific advancements and innovations. In 2018, 45.0% of neurology and neurological subspecialty residents were women.

Impact of COVID-19 on longitudinal ophthalmology authorship gender trends.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic increased the gender gap in academic publishing. This study assesses COVID-19's impact on ophthalmology gender authorship distribution and compares the gender authorship proportion of COVID-19 ophthalmology-related articles to previous ophthalmology articles.

Methods: This cohort study includes authors listed in all publications related to ophthalmology in the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset and CDC COVID-19 research database.

Integrated Synthetic, Biophysical, and Computational Investigations of Covalent Inhibitors of Prolyl Oligopeptidase and Fibroblast Activation Protein α.

Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in covalent inhibition as a drug design strategy. Our own interest in the development of prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) and fibroblast activation protein α (FAP) covalent inhibitors has led us to question whether these two serine proteases were equal in terms of their reactivity toward electrophilic warheads. To streamline such investigations, we exploited both computational and experimental methods to investigate the influence of different reactive groups on both potency and binding kinetics using both our own series of POP inhibitors and others' discovered hits.

Exploring Atypical Fluorine-Hydrogen Bonds and Their Effects on Nucleoside Conformations.

The ability of fluorine to serve as a hydrogen-bond acceptor has been debated for many years. Short fluorine-hydrogen contacts are thought to play a key role in stabilizing some complex supramolecular systems. To directly probe the existence of fluorine-hydrogen bonds, we have performed NMR spectroscopy and computational modeling on a series of C2'-fluorinated nucleosides.

Covalent inhibitors design and discovery.

In the history of therapeutics, covalent drugs occupy a very distinct category. While representing a significant fraction of the drugs on the market, very few have been deliberately designed to interact covalently with their biological target. In this review, the prevalence of covalent drugs will first be briefly covered, followed by an introduction to their mechanisms of action and more detailed discussions of their discovery and the development of safe and efficient covalent enzyme inhibitors.

Superwetting comonomers reduce adhesion of E. coli BL21.

The adhesion of Escherichia coli to copolymers of methacrylates and a trisiloxane-polyether acrylate surfactant was found to be at a minimum with copolymers containing a low (20%) fraction of the surfactant monomer. Rather than wettability, hardness, or water uptake, adhesion was found to be limited by the presence of low concentrations of bound surfactant that can interact with hydrophobic domains on the bacterium inhibiting anchoring to the polymer surface.

3-Oxo-hexahydro-1H-isoindole-4-carboxylic Acid as a Drug Chiral Bicyclic Scaffold: Structure-Based Design and Preparation of Conformationally Constrained Covalent and Noncovalent Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibitors.

Bicyclic chiral scaffolds are privileged motifs in medicinal chemistry. Over the years, we have reported covalent bicyclic prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitors that were highly selective for POP over a number of homologous proteins. Herein, we wish to report the structure-based design and synthesis of a novel class of POP inhibitors based on hexahydroisoindoles.