Forensic Neuropsychology Goes from Nowhere to Almost Everywhere: Lessons Learned During Decades of Practice.

Objective: To provide a narrative overview of the development of forensic neuropsychology (FN) in the last 40-plus years.

Methods: Personal history description, highlighted by key data-based publications.

Results: Anecdotal and relevant data-based findings converge to present a perspective of a wealth of FN resources currently available to the well-documented growing numbers of practitioners.

Release of Protected Test Information Under Protective Order: Viable Solution or Illusory Safeguard? An Interorganizational† Position Paper.

Objective: To critically examine the assumption that protective orders are adequately protective of sensitive psychological/neuropsychological test information. Attorneys at times claim that to adequately cross-examine neuropsychological experts, they require direct access to protected test information, rather than having test data analyzed by retained neuropsychological experts. As a compromise, judges sometimes order that protected test information be released to attorneys under a protective order.

Task-Based Attentional Control: The Role of Anxiety and Age.

Objective: Attentional Control Theory (ACT) posits that anxiety impacts cognitive functioning through interference in working memory and processing efficiency, resulting in performance deficits in set-shifting and inhibition. Few studies have examined the effects of anxiety on set-shifting and inhibition in clinical samples or how these relationships might be affected by age. The current study tested whether increased age, elevated anxiety, and their interaction were associated with reduced performance on measures of set-shifting and inhibition.

Attorney demands for protected psychological test information: Is access necessary for cross examination or does it lead to misinformation? An interorganizational* position paper.

Some attorneys claim that to adequately cross examine neuropsychological experts, they require direct access to protected test information, rather than having test data analyzed by retained neuropsychological experts. The objective of this paper is to critically examine whether direct access to protected test materials by attorneys is indeed necessary, appropriate, and useful to the trier-of-fact. Examples are provided of the types of nonscientific misinformation that occur when attorneys, who lack adequate training in testing, attempt to independently interpret neurocognitive/psychological test data.

Forensic neuropsychology: History and current status.

This review provides a summary of historical details and current practice activities related to Forensic Neuropsychology (FN). Under the auspices of the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology (ABCN), the Forensic Neuropsychology Special Interest Group (FNSIG) views the FN as a subspecialty, which has developed over time as the straightforward result of more than 20 years of numerous publications, extensive continuing education, focused research and growth of forensic practice within neuropsychology. In this article, the FNSIG core work group documents and integrates information that is the basis of efforts to consolidate practice knowledge and facilitate attainment of forensic practice competencies by clinical neuropsychologists.

Gender and ethnic/racial diversity in clinical neuropsychology: Updates from the AACN, NAN, SCN 2020 practice and "salary survey".

Objective: Examination of gender and diversity issues within clinical neuropsychology, using data from the 2020 professional practice and "salary survey."

Methods: Clinical neuropsychologists in the U.S.

Mentoring Journal Manuscript Reviewers Using a Competency-Based Approach: The Next Developmental Stage for the Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings.

Founded in 1994, The Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings (JCPMS) has paralleled the development of psychology's role in health care as well as contributing to its growth in science, services, and education in medical settings. JCPMS provides an essential, unique publishing outlet for health service psychology as represented by the recognized psychological specialties in those settings. At this point in its development, The Journal has turned its attention to generativity and contributing further to the field by helping prepare the next generation of journal manuscript reviewers and future psychological scientists.

Clinical neuropsychology in Canada: Results from the 2020 AACN, NAN, SCN professional practice and "salary survey".

The current study summarizes the results of a 2020 survey that solicited information regarding backgrounds, beliefs, practices, and incomes of clinical neuropsychologists who practice in Canada. Clinical neuropsychologists who practice in Canada were invited to participate in an online survey that was available from 1/17/20 to 4/02/20. Available survey findings were obtained from 111 respondents, which reflects a response rate of 51.

American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) 2021 consensus statement on validity assessment: Update of the 2009 AACN consensus conference statement on neuropsychological assessment of effort, response bias, and malingering.

Citation and download data pertaining to the 2009 AACN consensus statement on validity assessment indicated that the topic maintained high interest in subsequent years, during which key terminology evolved and relevant empirical research proliferated. With a general goal of providing current guidance to the clinical neuropsychology community regarding this important topic, the specific update goals were to: identify current key definitions of terms relevant to validity assessment; learn what experts believe should be reaffirmed from the original consensus paper, as well as new consensus points; and incorporate the latest recommendations regarding the use of validity testing, as well as current application of the term 'malingering.' In the spring of 2019, four of the original 2009 work group chairs and additional experts for each work group were impaneled.

Professional practices, beliefs, and incomes of U.S. neuropsychologists: The AACN, NAN, SCN 2020 practice and "salary survey".

This portion of the 2020 survey updates practice information, beliefs, and income data of clinical neuropsychologists who practice within the United States. Doctoral-level neuropsychology practitioners were invited via numerous methods, with multiple reminders, to participate in a web-based survey from January 17 through April 2, 2020. The useable U.

Professional Practices, Beliefs, and Incomes of Postdoctoral Trainees: The AACN, NAN, SCN 2020 Practice and 'Salary Survey'.

Objective: Within a portion of the 2020 professional practice and "salary survey," to update key information regarding neuropsychology postdoctoral trainees.

Methods: Postdoctoral trainees were contacted via a variety of membership listings, including the listserv used by the program directors of the Association of Postdoctoral Programs in Clinical Neuropsychology (APPCN). Invitations sent in multiple waves to members of numerous neuropsychological organizations via e-messages and physical postcards included the request that postdoctoral trainees participate.

Performance validity on the Stroop Color and Word Test in a mixed forensic and patient sample.

Assessment of performance validity is an essential component of neuropsychological evaluation. Performance validity indicators contained within cognitive ability measures are particularly advantageous, as they do not require additional test administration time or material, and allow for assessment of validity across multiple cognitive domains over the course of an evaluation. The present study examined the classification accuracy of the Stroop Color and Word Test (Stroop) Word, Color, and Color-Word trials in detecting invalid performance in a mixed forensic and patient sample.

Deciding to adopt revised and new psychological and neuropsychological tests: an inter-organizational position paper.

Objective: Neuropsychological tests undergo periodic revision intended to improve psychometric properties, normative data, relevance of stimuli, and ease of administration. In addition, new tests are developed to evaluate psychological and neuropsychological constructs, often purporting to improve evaluation effectiveness. However, there is limited professional guidance to neuropsychologists concerning the decision to adopt a revised version of a test and/or replace an older test with a new test purporting to measure the same or overlapping constructs.

Gender in clinical neuropsychology: practice survey trends and comparisons outside the specialty.

Objective: This paper describes gender-related trends within clinical neuropsychology, based primarily on recurrent practice surveys within the specialty and, to a lesser extent, job-related information from medical specialties and the general U.S. labor market.

The American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology, National Academy of Neuropsychology, and Society for Clinical Neuropsychology (APA Division 40) 2015 TCN Professional Practice and 'Salary Survey': Professional Practices, Beliefs, and Incomes of U.S. Neuropsychologists.

Objective: The current survey updated professional practice and income information pertaining to clinical neuropsychology.

Methods: Doctoral-level members of the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology, Division 40 (Clinical Neuropsychology) of the American Psychological Association, and the National Academy of Neuropsychology and other neuropsychologists, as well as postdoctoral trainees in the Association of Postdoctoral Programs in Clinical Neuropsychology and at other training sites were invited to participate in a web-based survey in early 2015. The sample of 1777 respondents, of whom 1579 were doctoral-level practitioners and 198 were postdoctoral trainees, was larger than the prior 2010 income and practice survey.

Reduced prefrontal activation during working and long-term memory tasks and impaired patient-reported cognition among cancer survivors postchemotherapy compared with healthy controls.

Background: Patients who receive adjuvant chemotherapy have reported cognitive impairments that may last for years after the completion of treatment. Working memory-related and long-term memory-related changes in this population are not well understood. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that cancer-related cognitive impairments are associated with the under recruitment of brain regions involved in working and recognition memory compared with controls.

Twenty years of the Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings: we hope you will enjoy the show.

The 20th anniversary of the Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings is celebrated by highlighting the scientist-practitioner philosophy on which it was founded. The goal of the Journal-to provide an outlet for evidence-based approaches to healthcare that underscore the important scientific and clinical contributions of psychology in medical settings-is discussed. The contemporary relevance of this approach is related to the current implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care and its focus on accountability and the development of an interprofessional healthcare workforce; both of which have been foci of the Journal throughout its history and will continue to be so into the future.

Traumatic brain injury: guidance in a forensic context from outcome, dose-response, and response bias research.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs at a high incidence, involving millions of individuals in the U.S. alone.

Prospective longitudinal evaluation of a symptom cluster in breast cancer.

Context: Symptom cluster research expands cancer investigations beyond a focus on individual symptoms in isolation.

Objectives: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of sleep, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and perceived cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: Patient-reported outcome measures were administered prior to chemotherapy, at Cycle 4 Day 1, and six months after initiating chemotherapy.

Longitudinal prospective assessment of sleep quality: before, during, and after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Purpose: Cross-sectional data suggest that many individuals with breast cancer experience significant sleep disturbance across the continuum of care. Understanding the longitudinal trajectory of sleep disturbance may help identify factors associated with its onset, severity, or influence on health-related quality of life (HRQL). Study objectives were to observe sleep quality in breast cancer patients prior to, during, and after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, evaluate its relationship with HRQL and explore correlates over time.

The Inter-Organizational Summit on Education and Training (ISET) 2010 survey on the influence of the Houston conference training guidelines.

A conference specific to the education and training of clinical neuropsychology was held in 1997, which led to a report published in the Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology (Hannay, J., Bieliauskas, L., Crosson, B.