Boucher-Neuhauser Syndrome: Chorioretinal Changes in a Single Case Over Time.

To describe chorioretinal changes in a single case of Boucher-Neuhauser Syndrome (BNHS) over 45 years of follow-up. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed. Color fundus photography from 1977 to 2003 was obtained and digitized.

A proposed mechanism influencing structural patterns in X-linked retinoschisis and stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis.

Objective: To explore the structural differences between X-linked retinoschisis (XLR) and stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis (SNIFR) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).

Methods: A case series of two patients, a 9-year-old male with XLR and a 58-year-old woman with SNIFR were imaged with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA; PLEX Elite 900, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin, CA). Automated segmentation was manually adjusted to include the areas of retinoschisis within en face flow and structural slabs.

Curvilinear, symmetrical, and profound pigment deposition on the posterior lens capsule in a patient with bilateral pigmentary dispersion syndrome.

Introduction: The classic presentation of pigmentary dispersion syndrome (PDS) often consists of midperipheral iris transillumination defects, Krukenberg's spindle, and dense homogeneous trabecular pigmentation. Other subtle, sometimes overlooked features include pigment on the lens zonules, pigment on the anterior lens capsule and pigment along the equator of the posterior lens capsule.

Case: This unique presentation of PDS presented with bilateral, dense, oblique, and symmetrical pigment deposition along the posterior lens capsule that changed in shape, density, and extent over the span of 3 years.

A Review of Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies: From Inherited to Acquired Forms.

In recent years, the term mitochondrial optic neuropathy (MON) has increasingly been used within the literature to describe a group of optic neuropathies that exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Interestingly, MONs include genetic aetiologies, such as Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and dominant optic atrophy (DOA), as well as acquired aetiologies resulting from drugs, nutritional deficiencies, and mixed aetiologies. Regardless of an inherited or acquired cause, patients exhibit the same clinical manifestations with selective loss of the RGCs due to mitochondrial dysfunction.

OCT in a Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fiber Syndrome with Reduced Vision.

Purpose: The prognosis of success with vision therapy in refractive "amblyopia" associated with the syndrome of myelinated nerve fibers (MRNF), optic disc hypoplasia, and myopia is reported to be poorer than that of anisomyopic amblyopia without these features. The reason for the poorer prognosis has not been well understood. The purpose of this study was to perform spectral domain (SD) ocular coherence tomography (OCT) to determine if there is a structural etiology that may explain the poorer prognosis.

ACUTE ZONAL OCCULT OUTER RETINOPATHY AFFECTING THE PERIPHERAL RETINA WITH CENTRIPETAL PROGRESSION.

Purpose: To describe a variant of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) that has concentric involvement of the peripheral retina with centripetal progression toward the posterior pole.

Methods: Three patients with AZOOR were reported to show peripheral concentric zonal involvement with centripetal progression of their disease from the periphery to the posterior fundus.

Results: All three cases involved elderly hyperopic women with a history of autoimmune disease.

Novice Reviewers Retain High Sensitivity and Specificity of Posterior Segment Disease Identification with iWellnessExam™.

Introduction. Four novices to Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) image review were provided a brief lecture on the interpretation of iVue iWellnessExam™ findings (available on iVue® SD-OCT, Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA).

A novel retinal biomarker for Parkinson's disease: Quantifying the foveal pit with optical coherence tomography.

Background: Optical coherence tomography offers a potential biomarker tool in Parkinson's disease (PD). A mathematical model quantifying symmetry, breadth, and depth of the fovea was applied.

Methods: Nintey-six subjects (72 PD and 24 healthy controls) were included in the study.

New insights into Stargardt disease with multimodal imaging.

A 20-year-old woman with bilateral mild blurring of vision presented with a bull's eye maculopathy and was diagnosed with Stargardt disease, confirmed with genetic testing. The authors present several novel multimodal imaging findings including multicolor and multi-spectral imaging that enhanced visualization of perifoveal flecks, fundus autofluorescence that revealed both perifoveal and perimacular rings of hyperautofluorescence, adaptive optics imaging that revealed unprecedented visualization of cones at the fovea due to decreased cone density, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography that identified thickening and increased hyperreflectivity of the external limiting membrane as a possible transient biomarker of early Stargardt disease.

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography staging and autofluorescence imaging in achromatopsia.

IMPORTANCE Evidence is mounting that achromatopsia is a progressive retinal degeneration, and treatments for this condition are on the horizon. OBJECTIVES To categorize achromatopsia into clinically identifiable stages using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and to describe fundus autofluorescence imaging in this condition. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective observational study was performed between 2010 and 2012 at the Edward S.

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence findings in a case of laser pointer-induced maculopathy.

Purpose: To describe the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence findings in a case of laser pointer-induced maculopathy.

Methods: Observational case report of a patient with bilateral decreased visual acuity after exposure to a handheld green laser pointer.

Results: A 15-year-old boy presented with decreased vision after exposure to a green laser pointer.

Choroidal lesions in neurofibromatosis detected by multispectral imaging.

Background/purpose: To describe the detection of multiple choroidal lesions in a patient with Type 1 neurofibromatosis using multispectral imaging.

Methods: A 25-year-old woman diagnosed with Type 1 neurofibromatosis was examined with the Annidis-RHA system (Annidis Corp.).

Sensitivity and specificity of the iVue iWellnessExam™ in detecting retinal and optic nerve disorders.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the specificity and sensitivity of the iWellnessExam™ screening protocol available on iVue spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), in a cohort of confirmed normal subjects and subjects with confirmed disease.

Methods: In total, 126 of 132 confirmed normal subjects and 101 of 107 subjects with confirmed disease were included for analysis. Of the patients with confirmed disease, 67 had retinal disease, 50 had optic nerve disease, and 16 had both retinal and optic nerve pathology.

Panoramic autofluorescence: highlighting retinal pathology.

Purpose: Recent technological advances in fundus autofluorescence (FAF) are providing new opportunities for insight into retinal physiology and pathophysiology. FAF provides distinctly different imaging information than standard photography or color separation. A review of the basis for this imaging technology is included to help the clinician understand how to interpret FAF images.

Buried disc drusen have hypo-reflective appearance on SD-OCT.

Purpose: Buried disc drusen are an important differential diagnosis for papilledema. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) affords clinicians with new non-invasive opportunities to probe below the surface of the optic nerve. Clinicians may use the knowledge of this appearance to rule out buried disc drusen in patients with irregular optic nerve borders or a bulging, hyperemic appearance.

Visual acuity recovery in a case of idiopathic retinal vasculitis aneurysms and neuroretinitis.

Purpose: To describe the visual recovery after intravitreal injections of the antivascular endothelial growth factor, bevacizumab, in a case of vaso obliteration from idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysm, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN). The name IRVAN was given to the condition to highlight the key findings present in the disease. IRVAN is a severe, sight threatening condition that can lead to peripheral capillary non-perfusion and vision loss from the ischemic sequelae of vascular occlusion.

The inner segment/outer segment border seen on optical coherence tomography is less intense in patients with diminished cone function.

Unlabelled: PURPOSE; The integrity of the inner segment ellipsoid (ISe) band, previously called the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) border, seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans is of clinical significance. To better understand the influence of cones on the appearance of this band, the intensity of its signal in patients with diminished cone function was examined.

Methods: Horizontal line scans through the fovea of 30 healthy controls, 10 patients with achromatopsia (A), and six with cone dystrophy (CD) were obtained with frequency domain (fd) OCT.

The use of SD-OCT in the differential diagnosis of dots, spots and other white retinal lesions.

Purpose: To demonstrate the utility of a retinal imaging technique using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for creating a B-scan layer-by-layer analysis to aid in the differential diagnosis of various retinal dots, spots, and other white lesions.

Design: Review.

Methods: A retrospective review of imaging studies performed with SD-OCT (Topcon, 3DOCT-2000, Oakland, NJ) at SUNY State College of Optometry.

The expanded spectrum of focal choroidal excavation.

Objective: To describe the clinical and imaging findings in patients with focal choroidal excavation.

Methods: Retrospective observational case series. The medical records of 12 patients (13 eyes) with focal choroidal excavation were reviewed.

Bilateral Coats' response in a female patient leads to diagnosis of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

Background: Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is a rare autosomal dominant muscle disease that affects about 5 in 100,000 individuals. Retinal vascular changes that mimic Coats' disease have been described in previously diagnosed FSHD. We report a diagnosis of FSHD only after the detection of a rare bilateral Coats' response in a female patient.

Discordance between structure and function in glaucoma: Possible anatomical explanations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze glaucomatous eyes that show discordance between structure and function and hypothesize plausible anatomical explanations for discordance.

Methods: Fifty eyes from 50 consecutive subjects with glaucoma (which was diagnosed according to multicenter criteria) were studied. One eye from each subject was selected randomly for inclusion, counterbalancing right eye (O.