Clinical Significance of Respiratory Involvement in Cryptosporidiosis: Cross-Sectional Study of Children with Diarrhea and Respiratory Symptoms in Uganda.

Respiratory cryptosporidiosis is considered an occasional, late-stage complication of HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to assess the clinical importance of respiratory cryptosporidiosis in children with diarrhea and respiratory symptoms at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Children aged 9 to 36 months presenting with diarrhea and cough or unexplained tachypnea (N = 1,918) were screened for fecal Cryptosporidium using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Field assessment of potential exposure of dogs to leptospirosis by measuring antibody titers in dogs: a multisite study in five geographic regions of the United States.

Leptospirosis vaccine for dogs in the United States is considered a lifestyle or non-core vaccine, making individual veterinary practitioners responsible for determining if vaccination is necessary for their patients. Veterinary professionals often base their vaccination decisions on local rates of clinical cases. However, even subclinical leptospirosis infections have zoonotic potential.

Expectoration of Parasites in Sputum of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive and -Negative Adults.

Respiratory cryptosporidiosis is thought to be a rare, end-stage complication of HIV. Few studies have systematically examined the frequency of such infection in adults. Sputum specimens submitted for tuberculosis (TB) testing at Mulago Hospital, Uganda, were anonymously retested for using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Hyperimmune bovine colostrum as a novel therapy to combat Clostridium difficile infection.

Background: Clostridium difficile is a primary cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea that typically develops when gut microbiota is altered. Conventional treatment for C. difficile infection (CDI) is additional antimicrobial administration, which further disrupts normal intestinal microbiota, often resulting in poor treatment outcomes.

The evolution of respiratory Cryptosporidiosis: evidence for transmission by inhalation.

The protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium infects all major vertebrate groups and causes significant diarrhea in humans, with a spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening. Children and immunodeficient individuals are disproportionately affected, especially in developing countries, where cryptosporidiosis contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality in preschool-age children. Despite the enormous disease burden from cryptosporidiosis, no antiprotozoal agent or vaccine exists for effective treatment or prevention.

Hyperimmune bovine colostrum for treatment of GI infections: a review and update on Clostridium difficile.

Hyperimmune bovine colostrum (HBC), produced by vaccination of a cow during gestation, is rich in targeted immunoglobulins, and can be used to treat a variety of diseases. The published history of HBC use for treating gastrointestinal infections in humans has developed over the past several decades and demonstrates the promise of this type of therapeutic for GI infectious disease. HBC, or purified derivative products, have been used successfully for treatment or prevention of cryptosporidiosis, shigellosis, rotavirus, enterotoxigenic E.