Assessment of cervical spinal cord volume in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: Several studies of adult-onset multiple sclerosis (AOMS) patients have demonstrated that spinal cord volume loss is associated with disease progression and clinical disability. However, complementary studies of young patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) are lacking. Our retrospective study aimed to assess spinal cord volume in POMS patients compared with that in healthy controls.

Incidence and clinical significance of epidural fluid signal on spinal magnetic resonance imaging after image-guided lumbar puncture in adults.

Purpose: We determined the incidence of epidural fluid signal on spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after image-guided lumbar puncture (LP) in adults. We correlated those imaging findings with clinical status.

Methods: We searched our institution's medical records from January 2013 through April 2020 to identify adult patients who underwent image-guided LP and postdural puncture MRI.

Evolution of postoperative pituitary adenoma resection cavities assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and implications regarding radiotherapy timing and modality.

Purpose: This study evaluates the temporal evolution of the spatial relationship between the pituitary adenoma transsphenoidal surgical cavity and the adjacent optic chiasm and discusses implications on timing and choice of radiotherapy modality.

Methods: This retrospective observational review analyzed factors that might influence the postoperative relationship between the surgical cavity and the optic chiasm, including tumor type, craniocaudal tumor and resection cavity dimensions, the preoperative distance between tumor and the optic chiasm, the presence of cavernous sinus invasion, and the choice of intraoperative packing material. Changes observed on magnetic resonance imaging in the preoperative, immediate (within 72 h), and delayed (≥3 months) postoperative periods were compared.

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and brain atrophy in children and adults: A quantitative study.

Purpose: To determine whether brain atrophy was present in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) using qualitative and quantitative analyses of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to explore clinical differences in patients with anti-NMDARE with or without brain atrophy.

Methods: A retrospective observational study encompassing the serologic, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain MRI data of 23 patients with anti-NMDARE was conducted. Median patient age was 14 years (interquartile range [IQR], 12 years).