Regenesorb and polylactic acid hydroxyapatite anchors are associated with similar osseous integration and rotator cuff healing at 2 years.

Background: Commercially available suture anchors for rotator cuff repairs can differ significantly in architecture and material. Clinical data on their osseous integration and its effect on patient-reported outcomes is scarce. Preclinical investigations indicated a higher rate of osseous integration for the open-architecture design of the Healicoil Regenesorb anchor than the closed-threaded design of the Twinfix (Smith & Nephew).

Interactions of 4,4'-diaminoazobenzene derivatives with telomeric G-quadruplex DNA.

The development of small molecules to stabilize the G-quadruplex structure has garnered significant attention for anticancer drug discovery. Herein, we report the synthesis of several 4,4'-diaminoazobenzene derivatives containing different substituent groups and their ability to bind and stabilize telomeric G-quadruplex DNA. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy was performed to characterize the quadruplex topologies, measure stabilization effects, and evaluate their capabilities for conformational photoregulation.

Pain reporting, opiate dosing, and the adverse effects of opiates after hip or knee replacement in patients 60 years old or older.

Our goal was to determine whether there were age-related differences in pain, opiate use, and opiate side effects after total hip or knee arthroplasty in patients 60 years old or older. We hypothesized that there would be no significant differences between age groups in (1) mean pain score, (2) opiate use after adjusting for pain, or (3) opiate side effects after adjusting for opiate use and pain score. We retrospectively reviewed the electronic and paper charts of all patients undergoing total joint replacements at our institution over 3 years who met the following criteria: (1) 60 years old or older, (2) primary single total knee or total hip replacement, and (3) no preoperative dementia.

Review of the current literature as a preparatory tool for the trauma content of the Orthopaedic in-Training Examination.

Currently, the only standardized evaluation of trauma knowledge throughout orthopedic training is found in the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination, which is administered annually to all residents by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Our goals were to assess the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination to (1) determine the content of the trauma questions, (2) identify the content of the 3 most frequently referenced journals on the answer keys, and (3) evaluate the correlation between those contents.We reviewed the trauma-related Orthopaedic In-Training Examination questions and answer keys for 2002 through 2007.

Relationships between physiological characteristics and trace metal body burdens of banded garden spiders Argiope trifasciata (Araneae, Araneidae).

Banded garden spiders (Argiope trifasciata) were collected at the Ballona Wetlands, a metal contaminated salt marsh. The relationship between spider body size and individual metal loads was investigated. Biochemical markers were identified in spider fecal material and found to correlate to body metal levels.

G-octamer formation from N⁹ modified guanine derivatives.

The properties of the self-assembly of two lipophilic guanine derivatives, 2',3',5'-O-tris(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-guanosine and N⁹-(3,5-bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-benzyl)-guanine, are described. In the presence of K+, both guanine derivatives self-associate into D₄-symmetric octamers consisting of two G-quartets stacked around a central ion.

Cerebral protein synthesis in the ovine fetus near term with amino acid infusion and insulin-induced hypoaminoacidemia.

Background: Studies during early development have shown that the precursor availability of amino acids directly affects protein synthesis both at the whole-body level and for select organ tissues, although this has not been studied for the brain.

Objective: We utilized a mixed amino acid infusate and an insulin euglycemic clamp technique in the ovine fetus near term, with increases and decreases in circulating amino acid levels of ∼30 to 40% on average, and determined the impact on cerebral protein synthesis.

Methods: Fetal sheep received a 6-hour infusion of Primene® 10% (amino acid infusate group) or a co-infusion of insulin and 10% dextrose (insulin/dextrose infusate group) together with a continuous infusion of L-[1-(13)C]-leucine.

Diagnostic accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan test for tuberculosis in hospitalized patients in a High HIV prevalence setting.

Background: Effective tuberculosis (TB) control in HIV-prevalent settings is hindered by absence of accurate, rapid TB diagnostic tests. We evaluated the accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test for TB diagnosis in South Africa.

Methods: Hospitalized adults with signs and/or symptoms of active TB were enrolled.

Induced hyper and hypo amino acidemia in the ovine fetus near term: effects on electrocortical activity.

Amino acid infusate (Primene) and insulin euglycemic (insulin + 10% dextrose) clamp techniques were used in the ovine fetus near term and the impact on the incidence of low-voltage and high-voltage electrocortical (ECOG) activities was determined. Fetal sheep were studied over a 2-hour control period and a subsequent 6-hour experimental period.With the Primene infusion, the basic and neutral amino acids were increased by 43% and 25%, respectively, whereas the acidic amino acids showed little change.

Effects of antenatal glucocorticoids on cerebral protein synthesis in the preterm ovine fetus.

Objective: Although antenatal glucocorticoids have well-known benefits for infants who are born preterm by the enhancement of pulmonary maturation, adverse effects on brain growth and development have been reported in several animal-based studies. We have used the chronically catheterized ovine fetus to determine the effects of synthetic glucocorticoids that are administered at doses used clinically on cerebral protein synthesis during early brain development using [13C]-leucine tracer method.

Study Design: Chronically instrumented pregnant sheep at 0.

Effects of antenatal glucocorticoids on cerebral substrate metabolism in the preterm ovine fetus.

Objective: Although the benefits of antenatal glucocorticoids are well known for infants who are born preterm, there is increasing evidence of adverse effects on brain development, which may relate to altered metabolic activity. We have determined the effect of maternal glucocorticoid administration at doses that are used clinically on cerebral substrate metabolism in the preterm ovine fetus.

Study Design: Chronically instrumented pregnant sheep at 0.

Proton flux through the chloroplast ATP synthase is altered by cleavage of its gamma subunit.

Electron transport, the proton gradient and ATP synthesis were determined in thylakoids that had been briefly exposed to a low concentration of trypsin during illumination. This treatment cleaves the gamma subunit of the ATP synthase into two large fragments that remain associated with the enzyme. Higher rates of electron transport are required to generate a given value of the proton gradient in the trypsin-treated membranes than in control membranes, indicating that the treated membranes are proton leaky.

Characterization of 5-hydroxy-8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine in the photosensitized oxidation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine and its rearrangement to spiroiminodihydantoin.

The photosensitized oxidation of 2',3',5'-tris-(O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoG) with singlet oxygen was studied by low-temperature NMR. A stable intermediate was characterized at -60 degrees C by (13)C, 2D NMR HMBC spectra, and chemical shifts calculated by hybrid Hartree-Fock density functional theory which agreed with the structure 5-hydroperoxy-8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine. Reduction of this intermediate at low temperature afforded the corresponding alcohol, the long-postulated 5-hydroxy-8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine, the last intermediate in the formation of spiroiminodihydantoin.