Salivary extracellular vesicles isolation methods impact the robustness of downstream biomarkers detection.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), crucial mediators in cell-to-cell communication, are implicated in both homeostatic and pathological processes. Their detectability in easily accessible peripheral fluids like saliva positions them as promising candidates for non-invasive biomarker discovery. However, the lack of standardized methods for salivary EVs isolation greatly limits our ability to study them.

Assessment of salivary microRNA by RT-qPCR: Facing challenges in data interpretation for clinical diagnosis.

Salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recently revealed as the next generation of non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnostics of diverse diseases. However, their short and highly homologous sequences make their quantification by RT-qPCR technique highly heterogeneous and study dependent, thus limiting their implementation for clinical applications. In this study, we evaluated the use of a widely used commercial RT-qPCR kit for quantification of salivary miRNAs for clinical diagnostics.

Anti-aging effect of extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells on senescence-induced chondrocytes in osteoarthritis.

Age is the most important risk factor for degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). It is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in joint tissues that contribute to the pathogenesis of OA, in particular through the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising treatments for OA.

Micromolding-based encapsulation of mesenchymal stromal cells in alginate for intraarticular injection in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory joint disease that affects cartilage, subchondral bone, and joint tissues. Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are a promising therapeutic option for OA due to their ability to release anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, and pro-regenerative factors. They can be embedded in hydrogels to prevent their tissue engraftment and subsequent differentiation.

Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells: Therapeutic perspectives for targeting senescence in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common age-related disease that correlates with a high number of senescent cells in joint tissues. Senescence has been reported to be one of the main drivers of OA pathogenesis, in particular via the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. SASP factors are secreted as single molecules and/or packaged within extracellular vesicles (EVs), thereby contributing to senescent phenotype dissemination.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical Translation.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exert similar effects as their parental cells, and are of interest for various therapeutic applications. EVs can act through uptake by the target cells followed by release of their cargo inside the cytoplasm, or through interaction of membrane-bound ligands with receptors expressed on target cells to stimulate downstream intracellular pathways. EV-based therapeutics may be directly used as substitutes of intact cells or after modification for targeted drug delivery.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Aging.

Aging is associated with high prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases that take a large part of the increasing burden of morbidities in a growing demographic of elderly people. Aging is a complex process that involves cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous mechanisms where senescence plays an important role. Senescence is characterized by the loss of proliferative potential, resistance to cell death by apoptosis and expression of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).