Ceftriaxone Administration Disrupts Intestinal Homeostasis, Mediating Noninflammatory Proliferation and Dissemination of Commensal Enterococci.

Enterococci are Gram-positive commensals of the mammalian intestinal tract and harbor intrinsic resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Disruption of colonization resistance in humans by antibiotics allows enterococci to proliferate in the gut and cause disseminated infections. In this study, we used (EF)-colonized mice to study the dynamics of enterococci, commensal microbiota, and the host in response to systemic ceftriaxone administration.

Is ibrutinib associated with disseminated cryptococcosis with CNS involvement?

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disorder of B cells that affects humoral as well as cell-mediated immunity. Protection against cryptococcal infections is mounted by an intricate and synchronized interplay of both integral arms of immunity. Whether CLL or small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors are independently predisposing hosts to cryptococcal infections remain to be explored.

A Rare Case of Vancomycin-Induced Linear Immunoglobulin A Bullous Dermatosis.

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) is an autoimmune vesiculobullous disease, which is typically idiopathic but can also rarely be caused by medications or infections. Vancomycin is the most common drug associated with LABD. Lesions typically appear 24 hours to 15 days after the first dose of vancomycin.

A Rare Complication of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole: Drug Induced Aseptic Meningitis.

Drug induced aseptic meningitis is a rare but challenging diagnosis, most commonly reported with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide that is widely used in clinical practice for the treatment and prophylaxis of various infections. Drug induced aseptic meningitis, when seen with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, occurs predominantly in patients with some degree of immune compromise and is less commonly seen in immune competent individuals.

New adjuvants to enhance anticoagulant activity of warfarin.

New adjuvants of warfarin anticoagulant activity have been developed. These compounds, which are 1,4-methano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracene-9,10-diol derivatives, act synergistically with warfarin to potentiate its anticoagulant effect. None of the compounds tested is an effective oral anticoagulant in the absence of warfarin.