The Light and the Dark of Early and Intermediate AMD: Cone- and Rod-Mediated Changes Are Linked to Fundus Photograph and FAF Abnormalities.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the extent to which scotopic and photopic measures of visual function predict color fundus photograph (CFP) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) changes in early and intermediate nonexudative AMD.

Methods: Sixty-nine observers were recruited: 56 AMD patients (mean age, 73 ± 12.98 years) and 13 controls (mean age, 67.

Slowed dark adaptation in older eyes; effect of location.

Purpose: The rate of rod sensitivity recovery following a photobleach is a basic measure of the integrity of the outer retina. Rods are selectively impaired in aging and many disorders of the retina, notably Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). It is not known for certain whether the age-related deficit is a pan-retinal effect or if there are localised regions of impaired rod function.

Rapid method for assessing rod function using recovery of spatial contrast thresholds following a bleach.

Poor vision in low light is a common complaint of elderly people. This poorly understood phenomenon is likely to involve both receptoral and post receptoral mechanisms. We investigated the recovery of contrast thresholds for sine-wave gratings of low spatial frequencies and low mean luminance as a function of time in darkness after photo pigment bleaching.

Assessment of age changes and repeatability for computer-based rod dark adaptation.

Purpose: To characterize the rate of rod-mediated sensitivity decline with age using a PC-driven cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor. To provide data regarding the repeatability of the technique.

Methods: Dark adaptation was monitored for 30 min following a minimum 30 % pigment bleach, using a white 1° stimulus (modulated at 1 Hz), presented 11° below fixation on a CRT monitor.

A novel on-eye wettability analyzer for soft contact lenses.

Purpose: To develop novel methodology to assess two in vivo wettability parameters, contact angle and index of liquid spreading (ILS), for hydrogel contact lenses and to provide a comprehensive investigation of the measurement errors (repeatability) associated with these two parameters.

Methods: A Novel On-eye Wettability Analyzer (NOWA) was constructed which delivered a drop of 0.4% sodium hyaluronate mixed with sodium fluorescein directly on to a lens surface in vivo while a two-camera digital system recorded both the resultant contact angle and liquid spreading.

Dynamic contact angle analysis of silicone hydrogel contact lenses.

Contact angle measurements are used to infer the clinical wetting characteristics of contact lenses. Such characterization has become more commonplace since the introduction of silicone hydrogel contact lens materials, which have been associated with reduced in vivo wetting due to the inclusion of siloxane-containing components. Using consistent methodology and a single investigator, advancing and receding contact angles were measured for 11 commercially available silicone hydrogel contact lens types with a dynamic captive bubble technique employing customized, fully automated image analysis.