Objectives: To evaluate the effect of non-viral gene therapy on human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in an in vitro and an ex vivo model.
Materials And Methods: Nanoplexes comprising polyethyleneimine (PEI) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding for fibroblast growth factor-2 (pFGF-2) and bone morphogenic protein-2 (pBMP-2) were cultured with DPSCs to evaluate cytotoxicity, protein expression, and mineralization activity. Collagen scaffolds loaded with these nanoplexes or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) were utilized in an ex vivo tooth culture model to assess pulp response, over a period of 14 days.