Serious lesions in Green turtles () afflicted by fatal Spirorchiidiasis found stranded in south and southeastern Brazil.

Several diseases have been reported as affecting endangered wild sea turtle population worldwide, including spirorchiidiasis. This parasitic infection results in serious circulatory disorders in sea turtles, as well as tissue damage due to the presence of spirorchiids eggs. However, few reports of organs severely affected by tissue replacement caused by granulomatous inflammatory processes due to spirorchiidiasis in sea turtles are available.

(Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1901 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) in Olive Ridley Sea Turtles (Eschscholtz, 1829) (Testudines: Chelonidae) from The Brazilian Coast: New Geographic Occurrence and Associated Injuries.

The present study reports the first occurrence of (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), in two Olive Ridley Sea turtles (Testudines: Chelonidae), from the states of São Paulo and Sergipe in Brazilian coast. Concerning the Neotropical region, has been previously reported in green sea turtles () from Panama and Brazil, in loggerhead sea turtles () from Brazil, in hawksbill sea turtles () from Puerto Rico, and in Olive Ridley Sea turtles only in Costa Rica. Lesions resulting from the presence of parasites in the hosts' urinary bladders are also presented.

First report on infection and sp. parasitism resulting in osseous metaplasia in a Cuvier's beaked whale () from the Brazilian region.

A female Cuvier's Beaked Whale () specimen measuring 580 cm in length died after being stranded in Southeastern Brazil. Following a necropsy, organ samples were obtained, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and histopathologically analyzed. A severe and generalized hypodermis infection by (Phyllobothriidae) was observed, resulting in granulomatous panniculitis.

Cetacean Morbillivirus Infection in a Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) from Brazil.

We provide pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular evidence of cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) infection in a live-stranded adult female killer whale (Orcinus orca), which stranded alive in Espírito Santo State, Brazil, in 2014. Although attempts were made to release the animal, it stranded again and died. The main pathological findings were severe pulmonary oedema, pleural petechiation, multifocal, lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis and leptomeningomyelitis with perivascular cuffing and gliosis, chronic lymphocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia and multicentric lymph node and splenic lymphoid depletion.

Anoxia Effects in Asphyxiated Green Sea Turtles (Chelonia mydas) Caught in an Artisanal Fishing Net on the Coast of Brazil.

Among studies of drowning in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), none have associated drowning with injuries of organs other than the lung. We describe the gross and microscopical findings in 23 green sea turtles found dead in a fishing net. Deprived of air, these animals experienced hypoxia and anoxia before dying, which caused congestion, hydropic degeneration and necrosis in several organs.

Causes of Fatal Cyathostomiasis in Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster) from Brazil: Identification of Pathogen and Implications for Management.

Fatal infection by Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci (Nematoda: Syngamidae), was identified in 2 of 52 brown boobies (Sula leucogaster) collected on beaches in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and admitted to the veterinary clinic for rehabilitation. Both infected birds were in poor physical condition, with atrophied pectoral muscles, and died soon after starting treatment. The parasitological and pathological examination of the carcasses revealed the presence of C.

Atrophic Proventriculitis Associated with Gravid Females of sp. (Nematoda: Tetrameridae) in the Magellanic Penguin () on the Coast of Brazil.

The present study offers the first description of proventriculitis associated with the presence of gravid female nematodes of the genus (Nematoda: Tetrameridae) in 3 juvenile Magellanic penguins () found dead on the coast of Brazil. This study broadens knowledge on parasites associated with these hosts and the real impact of this association.

The Genus Price, 1939 (Digenea: Rhytidodidae) in Brazil: New Geographic Occurrence and Report of Pathology in the Gallbladder.

The present note describes the occurrence of and (Digenea: Rhytidodidae) in the gallbladder of two juvenile green turtles ( - Testudines, Cheloniidae) found on the coast of Brazil. Both were detected in gallbladder and intestine of green turtles: (United States, Panama, Costa Rica and Brazil) and (United States, Panama and Costa Rica). This note is the first report of in Brazil and South-West Atlantic Ocean.

Fatal infection with ulcerative esophagitis and intravascular dissemination in green turtles.

The trematode (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) parasitizes the glands of the caudal esophagus of . In the present study, 741 were examined, 85 animals had adult specimens of associated with necrotizing ulcerous esophagitis, of these 85, 21 presented invasion of the esophageal mural vessels in the caudal esophagus of juvenile green turtles (). Necrotizing granulomatous splenitis, hepatitis, and nephritis were associated with the presence of parasites.

Ocular spirorchiidiosis in sea turtles from Brazil.

The causes of the beaching and death of sea turtles have not been fully clarified and continue to be studied. Mild, moderate and severe lesions caused by spirorchiidiosis have been seen for decades in different organs and were recently defined as the cause of death of a loggerhead turtle. In the present study, eyes and optic nerves were analysed in green sea turtles with spirorchiidiosis and no other debilitating factors.

Spontaneous Primary Right Tibiotarsal Osteosarcoma with Pulmonary Metastasis in a Free-Ranging Cory's Shearwater ().

We report the pathologic features of a primary right tibiotarsal productive osteoblastic osteosarcoma with pulmonary metastasis, a unique finding in a Cory's Shearwater ().

Myrtenal-induced V-ATPase inhibition - A toxicity mechanism behind tumor cell death and suppressed migration and invasion in melanoma.

Background: Metastatic tumor cells have acidic extracellular pH and differential electrochemical H gradients generated across their cell membranes by V-type H-ATPases. This study shows that inhibition of the V-ATPases by the plant-derived monoterpene Myrtenal results in tumor cell death and decreased metastatic dissemination in mice.

Methods: The Myrtenal anticancer toxicity was evaluated in vitro using murine (B16F0 and B16F10) and human (SkMel-5) melanoma cell lines, and in in vivo mouse metastatic dissemination model.

Chronic Cystitis Associated with Plesiochorus cymbiformis ( Rudolphi, 1819 ) Looss, 1901 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) in a Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta (Linnaeus 1758) (Testudines, Cheloniidae) from Brazil: A Case Report.

This paper reports the first occurrence of Plesiochorus cymbiformis (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) in a loggerhead turtle ( Caretta caretta [Testudines, Cheloniidae]) in Brazil and describes the histological findings of related injuries to the urinary bladder.

Tissue Lesions Due to Spirorchiid Eggs in a Loggerhead Turtle ( Caretta caretta Linnaeus 1758) from Brazil: First Report Outside of the United States.

Spirorchiids (family Spirorchiidae Stunkard 1921) are a group of flukes that inhabit the circulatory system of turtles. Infection by members of the family Spirorchiidae involves egg deposition in the host bloodstream and accumulation in tissues, which cause inflammatory reactions and embolisms, leading or contributing to the death of the host. Reports of spirorchiid egg lesions in loggerhead turtles ( Caretta caretta Linnaeus, 1758) have only been reported from U.

Parasitic Ulcerous Caseous Gastroesophagitis Associated with Rameshwarotrema uterocrescens Rao, 1975 (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) in a Juvenile Green Turtle ( Chelonia mydas , Linnaeus 1758 [Testudines: Cheloniidae]): A Case Report.

Here we report a case of ulcerative caseous gastroesophagitis associated with Rameshwarotrema uterocrescens, Rao, 1975 (Digenea: Pronocephalidae), in a juvenile green turtle ( Chelonia mydas ) from southern Brazil. Similar pathologies have been reported only in adult green turtles from Costa Rica. This paper presents the second report of parasitic esophagitis due to R.

Pathologies of the digestive system caused by marine debris in Chelonia mydas.

The growth of human population and deficient pollution control measures pose significant challenge to the environment. Despite conservation efforts, all sea turtle species are at some risk of extinction. The present study investigated the effect of marine debris on the gastrointestinal tract of green turtles in southeastern Brazil.

First Report of Kidney Lesions Due to Renicola sp. (Digenea: Trematoda) in Free-Living Magellanic Penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus Forster, 1781) Found on the Coast of Brazil.

This paper presents the first report of parasites from the genus Renicola sp. in the kidneys of Magellanic penguins. The histological analysis revealed inflammatory infiltrate (eonsinophils, lymphocytes, and plasmocytes), together with fibroplasia and compression of the adjacent ducts.

In vitro and in vivo studies of the antineoplastic activity of copper (II) compounds against human leukemia THP-1 and murine melanoma B16-F10 cell lines.

We investigated the antineoplastic activities of a previously reported copper (II) coordination compound, [Cu(BMPA)Cl2]CH3OH (1), and a new compound, [Cu(HBPA)Cl2]H2O (2), where BMPA is bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine and HBPA is (2-hydroxybenzyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, using various cellular models of human leukemia (THP-1, U937, HL60, Molt-4, JURKAT) and human colon cancer (COLO 205), as well as a murine highly metastatic melanoma (B16-F10) cell line. Compound (2) was characterized using several physical and chemical techniques, including X-ray diffraction studies. The IC50 values of the copper coordination complexes in the human leukemia cell lines ranged from 87.

Osseous Metaplasia in a Free-living Snake (Patagonian Green Racer; Philodryas patagoniensis) in Brazil, 2012.

We describe an osseous metaplasia in a wild Patagonian green racer (Philodryas patagoniensis). The 5.5×1.

Spirorchiid Infection in Olive Ridley Turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) (Testudines: Cheloniidae), from Brazil.

The Olive Ridley turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) (Testudines: Cheloniidae), is 1 of the 5 species of sea turtle found along the coast of Brazil. Little is known regarding infection by species of the family Spirorchiidae in the host, as only 1 report exists. This case report describes granulomas in different tissues associated to type 1 and 3 spirorchiid eggs in 5 L.