One-Step Synthesis and Functionalization of High-Salinity-Tolerant Magnetite Nanoparticles with Sulfonated Phenolic Resin.

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles are being actively developed for various applications in oil fields. A key requirement for such nanoparticles is the long-term stability of their dispersion under harsh subsurface conditions such as high salinity and high temperature. In this study, through functionalization of the surface of the magnetite nanoparticles with a sulfonated phenolic resin, stable dispersions of the nanoparticles in 5 wt % NaCl solution at neutral to basic pH were achieved.

Shredding and liberation characteristics of refrigerators and small appliances.

Mechanical disaggregation, or shredding, is an important part of the recycling process. Occurring at the beginning of the processing sequence, it significantly affects the efficiency of downstream processing stages. This study examines the size reduction and liberation characteristics of the single-stage shredding of household appliances to improve the efficiency and quality of the recycling process.