GABALAGEN Alleviates Stress-Induced Sleep Disorders in Rats.

(1) Background: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an amino acid and the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA has been shown to reduce stress and promote sleep. GABALAGEN (GBL) is the product of fermented fish collagen by Lactobacillus brevis BJ20 and Lactobacillus plantarum BJ21, naturally enriched with GABA through the fermentation process and characterized by low molecular weight.

Urinary GADD45G Protein Excretion Is Associated with IgA Nephropathy Progression.

: Growth arrest and DNA damage 45G (GADD45G) is a family of proteins involved in DNA damage response and cell growth arrest. In this study, we show evidence that urinary GADD45G protein is associated with the progression of IgA nephropathy. : Patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy without reversible acute kidney injury at study initiation and with at least one subsequent serum creatinine (SCr) measurement were included.

Bone Marrow Stem Cell Population in Single- and Multiple-Level Aspiration.

Background: Bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC) has garnered increasing interest due to its potential for healing musculoskeletal injuries. While the iliac crest remains a common harvest site, the aspiration technique's efficacy in offering the highest yield and prevalence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is controversial. This study aimed to compare two different techniques of bone marrow aspiration over the anterior iliac crest from a single level versus multiple levels.

Comparison of Biocompatibility of 3D-Printed Ceramic and Titanium in Micropig Ankle Hemiarthroplasty.

Background: Ankle arthritis is a common degenerative disease that progresses as cartilage damage in the lower tibia and upper talus progresses, resulting in loss of joint function. In addition to typical arthritis, there is also structural bone loss in the talus due to diseases such as talar avascular necrosis. Total talus replacement surgery is the procedure of choice in end-stage ankle arthritis and consists of a tibial, talar component and an insert.

Clinical and Genetic Characterization of Adolescent-Onset Epilepsy: A Single-Center Experience in Republic of Korea.

Objectives: This study investigated the characteristics of adolescent-onset epilepsy (AOE) and conducted genetic tests on a cohort of 76 Korean patients to identify variants and expand the spectrum of mutations associated with AOE.

Methods: Clinical exome sequencing after routine karyotyping and chromosomal microarray was performed to identify causative variants and expand the spectrum of mutations associated with AOE.

Results: In cases of AOE without neurodevelopmental delay (NDD), this study identified four likely pathogenic variants (LPVs) or variants of uncertain significance (VUS) and two copy number variations (CNVs).

The Impact of Disease X on Potential Travelers' Travel Decision.

This study used ANCOVA models to investigate how pandemic characteristics-spreading speed, severity, and vaccination requirements-affect travel intentions. The results reveal that these factors explain 31.7% of the variance in travel decisions, with disease-spreading speed and severity being the most significant determinants.

Three-Dimensional Measurements of Sphenoid Sinus Size by Sex in a Korean Population: An Exploratory Study.

This study aims to investigate the three-dimensional morphological differences of the sphenoid sinus according to sex in the Korean adult population and conduct an exploratory study based on the findings. The sphenoid sinus, located deep within the skull, plays a crucial role in forensic identification due to its relative protection from external damage and its unique anatomical characteristics. Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from 120 patients (60 males and 60 females) aged 20-29, the sphenoid sinus was visualized and measured in three dimensions using Mimics software (version 22.

A New Method of Predicting Final Mandibular Length Based on the Morphology of Cervical Vertebrae.

Background/objectives: Methods for predicting final mandibular length have been studied for many years. We aimed to estimate the final mandibular length at the end of the growth period by analyzing changes in cervical vertebral morphology using longitudinal lateral cephalograms.

Methods: Longitudinal lateral cephalograms of elementary school students aged 6-15 who did not undergo orthodontic treatment, collected between 1965 and 1973, were used.

Comparison of Short-Term Clinical Outcomes After Implantation of Two Monofocal, Aspheric Intraocular Lenses.

Objectives: This study compared the visual outcomes and optical quality of two monofocal, aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs; CT LUCIA 621P, Carl Zeiss Meditec; Eyhance ICB00, Johnson & Johnson Vision) by evaluating visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and higher-order aberrations 1 month post-cataract surgery.

Methods: In this retrospective, comparative study, 120 eyes (72 patients) that underwent cataract surgery with either CT LUCIA 621P (Lucia group) or Eyhance ICB00 (Eyhance group) implantation (60 eyes/group) were retrospectively investigated. Visual acuity at various distances and defocus curves were measured 1 month postoperatively.

Exploring Voice Acoustic Features Associated with Cognitive Status in Korean Speakers: A Preliminary Machine Learning Study.

: To develop a non-invasive cognitive impairment detection system using speech data analysis, addressing the growing global dementia crisis and enabling accessible early screening through daily health monitoring. : Speech data from 223 Korean patients were collected across eight tasks. Patients were classified based on Korean Mini-Mental State Examination scores.

Machine Learning Models for 3-Month Outcome Prediction Using Radiomics of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Perihematomal Edema from Admission Head Computed Tomography (CT).

: Intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH) and perihematomal edema (PHE) are respective imaging markers of primary and secondary brain injury in hemorrhagic stroke. In this study, we explored the potential added value of PHE radiomic features for prognostication in ICH patients. : Using a multicentric trial cohort of acute supratentorial ICH ( = 852) patients, we extracted radiomic features from ICH and PHE lesions on admission non-contrast head CTs.

Reinterpretation of Conflicting ClinVar Missense Variants Using VarSome and CanVIG-UK Gene-Specific Guidance.

Background: The accurate interpretation of the /2 variant is critical for diagnosing and treating hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. ClinVar is a widely used public database for genetic variants. Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity can occur when different submitters categorize the same genetic variant inconsistently as pathogenic (PV), likely pathogenic (LPV), likely benign (LBV), benign (BV), or a variant of uncertain significance (VUS).

Prenatal Ultrasound Findings and Chromosomal Outcomes of Pregnancies with Mosaic Embryo Transfer.

Background: To investigate prenatal ultrasound findings and the chromosomal outcomes of mosaic embryo transfer.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on pregnant women who underwent mosaic embryo transfer following blastocyst-stage preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) at CHA Gangnam Medical Center from January 2021 to July 2024. Trophectoderm biopsy specimens were collected using standard protocols, and next-generation sequencing profiles were defined as mosaics when displaying copy number counts in the 20-80% range.

Optimization of the Frying Process for Maximizing Crispiness of Scallop ( Adductor Muscle Snacks Using Vacuum Low-Temperature Frying.

Scallops, an economically important seafood, are popular as fried snacks. Vacuum low-temperature frying creates crispy, healthier foods that meet consumer demand for nutritious snacks with excellent texture. However, research on vacuum frying for shellfish products remains limited.

Efficacy of Fruit Extract in Hangover Mitigation: Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Evaluation.

The fruit of Thunb. (HD) is renowned for its medicinal properties and is rich in bioactive compounds, traditionally used in East Asian medicine as a natural antidote for alcohol intoxication. A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo (PLA)-controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare the effects of beverages containing 0.

Clinical Evaluation of Extract Combinations for Effective Hangover Relief in Humans.

Alcohol consumption is associated with both short- and long-term adverse effects, including hangover symptoms. The objective of this study was to examine the potential benefits of traditional beverages containing a combination of extract (HD) with either extract (HDPB) or glutathione yeast extract (HDGB) in abbreviating alcohol intoxication and mitigating hangover symptoms. A total of 25 participants between the ages of 19 and 40 who had previously experienced a hangover were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo (PLA)-controlled clinical trial.

Quality Differences in Frozen Mackerel According to Thawing Method: Potential Classification via Hyperspectral Imaging.

Seafood quality preservation remains a critical focus in the food industry, particularly as the freeze-thaw process significantly impacts the freshness and safety of aquatic products. This study investigated quality changes in frozen mackerel subjected to two thawing methods, room temperature (RT) and running water (WT), and assessed the potential of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for classifying these methods. After thawing, mackerel samples were stored at 5 °C for 21 days, with physicochemical, textural, and spectroscopic analyses tracking quality changes and supporting the development of a spectroscopic classification model.

Transcriptomic Changes in Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Across Culture Passages.

Background/objectives: Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) are in the limelight in regenerative medicine due to their high proliferation and differentiation potential. It is important to conduct studies to determine the optimal conditions for achieving the maximum yield while maintaining the optimal differentiation capacity of TMSCs.

Methods: This study explores the impact of serial subculture on TMSCs by analyzing gene expression at passages 2, 4, 6, and 8.

Side- and Disease-Dependent Changes in Human Aortic Valve Cell Population and Transcriptomic Heterogeneity Determined by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.

Background: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a highly prevalent disease, especially in the elderly population, but there are no effective drug therapies other than aortic valve repair or replacement. CAVD develops preferentially on the fibrosa side, while the ventricularis side remains relatively spared through unknown mechanisms. We hypothesized that the fibrosa is prone to the disease due to side-dependent differences in transcriptomic patterns and cell phenotypes.

Comparative and Adaptive Analyses of the Complete Chloroplast Genome Diversity in .

Background/objectives: is distributed in Korea, China, and Japan. It was first identified as the genus and then reclassified as by Kitagawa. Some species are used as herbal medicine and are often confused with the similar form .

7--Carboxylic Acid-Substituted 3--Alkyl Difluoroquercetin; An Aztreonam-Potentiating Agent Against Carbapenemase-Producing Through Simultaneous Inhibition of Metallo-β-Lactamase and Efflux Pump.

Previously, we reported that 3--alkyl difluoroquercetins (di-F-Q) potentiates the antimicrobial activity of aztreonam (ATM) against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing through simultaneous inhibition of MBLs and efflux pumps. However, the ATM-potentiating activity of the 3--alkyl di-F-Q was observed only at high and potentially toxic concentrations (32 mg/L). As both MBLs and efflux pumps reside in the periplasm of Gram-negative bacteria, their inhibitors should accumulate in the periplasmic space.

"Beyond the Knife"-Applying Theranostic Technologies to Enhance Outcomes in Neurosurgical Oncology.

The current standard of care for brain tumor management includes maximal safe surgical resection followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Recent advances in image-guided surgical techniques have enhanced the precision of tumor resections, yet there remains a critical need for innovative technologies to further improve patient outcomes. Techniques such as fluorescence image-guided neurosurgery in combination with stereotactic radiosurgery have improved outcomes for patients with brain tumors.

Clearing Amyloid-Beta by Astrocytes: The Role of Rho GTPases Signaling Pathways as Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Astrocytes, vital support cells in the central nervous system (CNS), are crucial for maintaining neuronal health. In neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), astrocytes play a key role in clearing toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Aβ, a potent neuroinflammatory trigger, stimulates astrocytes to release excessive glutamate and inflammatory factors, exacerbating neuronal dysfunction and death.

Direct On-Chip Diagnostics of / Complex in Bovine Mastitis Using Bioinformatics-Driven Portable qPCR.

This study introduces an innovative on-site diagnostic method for rapidly detecting the / complex (SBSEC), crucial for livestock health and food safety. Through a comprehensive genomic analysis of 206 genomes, this study identified genetic markers that improved classification and addressed misclassifications, particularly in genomes labeled and . These markers were integrated into a portable quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) that can detect SBSEC species with high sensitivity (down to 10 or 10 colony-forming units/mL).