Long-term impact of adverse childhood experiences and perceived social support on depression trajectories.

Background: While the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on depression is well-documented, how ACEs, physical violence victimization, social support, and school belongingness altogether shape depression from adolescence to young adulthood remains unclear. This study aims to clarify these relations by tracing the trajectory of depression across this critical developmental period.

Methods: We utilized a 14-year, four-wave dataset from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), including 5734 participants who were 7th to 12th graders at baseline (51.

Donor Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Heart Transplantation in South Korea.

Background: Heart transplantation is often limited by the availability of transplantable donor heart and understanding of donor aspects that would influence transplant outcomes becomes important. In this study, donor characteristics and their impact on the outcomes of pediatric heart transplantations performed in South Korea were investigated.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients less than 18 years old who received heart transplantation between 2002 and 2022 in three tertiary hospitals located in South Korea.

Sex-Specific Susceptibility Loci Associated With Coronary Artery Aneurysms in Patients With Kawasaki Disease.

Background And Objectives: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis that primarily affects children under age 5 years. Approximately 20-25% of untreated children with KD and 3-5% of those treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy develop coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs). The prevalence of CAAs is much higher in male than in female patients with KD, but the underlying factors contributing to susceptibility to CAAs in patients with KD remain unclear.

Newly Developed Sex-Specific Z Score Model for Coronary Artery Diameter in a Pediatric Population.

Background: This study aimed to generate a Z score calculation model for coronary artery diameter of normal children and adolescents to be adopted as the standard calculation method with consensus in clinical practice.

Methods: This study was a retrospective, multicenter study that collected data from multiple institutions across South Korea. Data were analyzed to determine the model that best fit the relationship between the diameter of coronary arteries and independent demographic parameters.

Pacemaker-Related Factors and Outcomes of Fontan Patients - Impact of Paced QRS Duration.

Background: Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation has been identified as a risk factor for morbidity and mortality after Fontan operation. This study investigated the factors associated with outcomes in patients with Fontan physiology who underwent PPM implantation.

Methods and results: We retrospectively reviewed 508 patients who underwent Fontan surgery at Asan Medical Center between September 1992 and August 2022.

Reciprocal prospective effects among parental psychological distress, family cohesion, and child socioemotional behavior within families.

This study explores the dyadic longitudinal interplay among parents' psychological distress, family cohesion, children's internalizing/externalizing behaviors, and peer-related social competence within individual and dyadic relationships. Data came from a nationally representative longitudinal cohort study of children in South Korea. The analyses included 1,779 families across three annual timepoints.

Diastolic myocardial mechanics and their relation to ventricular filling pressures and postoperative course in functionally single ventricles.

Diastolic dysfunction affects clinical outcomes in patients with a functionally single ventricle (FSV). The objective of this work is to study the association of ventricular mechanics and interventricular dependence on diastolic parameters and early post-Fontan outcomes. Sixty-one patients with FSV underwent echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and magnetic resonance imaging on the same day before or after the Fontan procedure.

Identification of B-cell-related HSPG2 and CDSN as susceptibility loci for Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute pediatric vasculitis that predominantly affects children under the age of 5 years. To date, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several KD susceptibility genes (e.g.

Relations among parenting, academic performance, and psychopathology: An investigation of developmental cascades and their interplay with maternal and paternal parenting.

Little effort has been made to integrate developmental cascades with maternal/paternal parenting in a single investigation. The present study seeks to test cascading effects among academic and internalizing/externalizing symptoms and their associations with maternal/paternal parenting across three time points from 8 to 10 years. Data for this investigation came from a nationally representative prospective cohort study of children born in April through July of 2008 in South Korea who were followed up annually.

Outcomes of Arterial Switch Operation With Aortic Arch Reconstruction.

Background: This study investigated the outcomes and factors associated with reintervention or development of significant pulmonary stenosis (PS) after repair of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) or Taussig-Bing anomaly (TBA) with aortic arch obstruction.

Methods: A total of 51 patients with TGA or TBA who underwent an arterial switch operation and aortic arch reconstruction between 2004 and 2020 were included. The outcomes of interest were all-cause death, including heart transplantation, all-cause reintervention, right-sided reintervention, and development of significant PS.

Outcomes of pulmonary artery sling repair without tracheoplasty.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate surgical outcomes of pulmonary artery (PA) sling without tracheoplasty.

Methods: From 2001 through 2020, among 22 patients who underwent PA sling repair, all but 1 patient who underwent concomitant tracheal surgery were analyzed. The outcomes of interest were all-cause death, PA reintervention, tracheal intervention, and readmission for respiratory symptoms.

Spontaneous defervescence and its prediction in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease.

Background: In Kawasaki disease (KD), fever occasionally resolves spontaneously before 10 days from the onset, right after diagnosing. However, there is not enough evidence of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment in this case. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spontaneous defervescence and coronary artery aneurysm and to develop a scoring model for its prediction in acute KD.

Arterial ischemic stroke in children with congenital heart diseases.

Background: We describe the prevalence, thromboembolic risk factors, and neurologic outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and arterial ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of children with CHD and AIS from 2000 to 2016. Demographics, procedural and postprocedural data, neuroimaging findings, details of antithrombotic treatment, and neurological status at last follow up were evaluated.

Contemporary Outcomes After Pulmonary Artery Banding in Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect.

Background: This study investigated the clinical outcomes and the effect of band tightness on outcome after pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in patients with complete atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD).

Methods: From 2000 through 2019, among 133 patients with isolated complete AVSD pursuing biventricular repair, 34 patients (25.6%) who underwent PAB were included in this study.

The impact of a bicuspid pulmonary valve in the aortic position after arterial switch for transposition of the great arteries on neoaortic root dimension and function: a propensity score matched analysis.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of a bicuspid pulmonary valve on neoaortic root morphology, function, and the clinical outcomes of early survivors after the arterial switch operation using propensity score matching.

Methods: From 1997 to 2018, a total of 442 patients underwent the arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries. After exclusion of patients who underwent a staged repair, were repaired beyond 1 year of age, died before discharge and who lacked echocardiographic data at discharge, propensity score matching was used for analysis.

Fetal cardiac parameters for predicting postnatal operation type of fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: To assess fetal cardiac parameters predictive of postnatal operation type in fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).

Methods: Echocardiographic data obtained in the second and third trimesters were retrospectively reviewed for fetuses diagnosed with TOF between 2014 and 2018 at Asan Medical Center. The following fetal cardiac parameters were analyzed: 1) pulmonary valve annulus (PVA) z-score, 2) right pulmonary artery (RPA) z-score, 3) aortic valve annulus (AVA) z-score, 4) pulmonary valve peak systolic velocity (PV-PSV), 5) PVA/AVA ratio, and 6) RPA/descending aorta (DAo) ratio.

Identification of rare coding variants associated with Kawasaki disease by whole exome sequencing.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute pediatric vasculitis that affects genetically susceptible infants and children. To identify coding variants that influence susceptibility to KD, we conducted whole exome sequencing of 159 patients with KD and 902 controls, and performed a replication study in an independent 586 cases and 732 controls. We identified five rare coding variants in five genes (FCRLA, PTGER4, IL17F, CARD11, and SIGLEC10) associated with KD (odds ratio [OR], 1.

Temporal clustering of Kawasaki disease cases around the world.

In a single-site study (San Diego, CA, USA), we previously showed that Kawasaki Disease (KD) cases cluster temporally in bursts of approximately 7 days. These clusters occurred more often than would be expected at random even after accounting for long-term trends and seasonality. This finding raised the question of whether other locations around the world experience similar temporal clusters of KD that might offer clues to disease etiology.

The Waiting List Mortality of Pediatric Heart Transplantation Candidates in Korea before the Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device Era.

Background: Despite advancements in heart transplantation for pediatric patients in Korea, the waiting list mortality has not been reported. Therefore, we investigated the waiting list mortality rate and factors associated with patient mortality.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of pediatric patients who were registered for heart transplantation at three major hospitals in Korea from January 2000 to January 2020.

Paediatric heart transplantation recipients ≥7 years of age receiving donors with pre-existing coronary atherosclerosis showed progressive coronary artery disease.

Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of donor-transmitted atherosclerosis on the late aggravation of cardiac allograft vasculopathy in paediatric heart recipients aged ≥7 years.

Methods: In total, 48 patients were included and 23 had donor-transmitted atherosclerosis (baseline maximal intimal thickness of >0.5 mm on intravascular ultrasonography).

Development of Cardiac Events and Functional Recovery Prediction Models for Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Since both the risk of death and the probability of spontaneous functional recovery (FR) coexist in association with pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP), management should be based on individualized outcome predictions. A single-center retrospective review of 105 pediatric patients (age at presentation ≤ 18 years) with DCMP, managed between 1994 and 2017, was performed. Logistic regression was conducted to identify variables associated with FR and cardiac events (CEs), i.

Cerebral and Somatic Oxygen Saturation in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease before Surgery.

Background: We investigated preoperative cerebral (ScO) and abdominal (StO) regional oxygen saturations according to cardiac diagnosis in neonates with critical CHD, their time trends, and the clinical and biochemical parameters associated with them.

Methods: Thirty-seven neonates with a prenatal diagnosis of CHD were included. ScO and StO values were continuously evaluated using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Procedural Predictors and Outcomes of Percutaneous Secundum Atrial Septal Defect Closure in Children Aged <6 Years.

Background: Percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is the treatment of choice for patients with a suitable ASD anatomy; however, the procedural characteristics and outcomes in children aged <6 years are unclear. The feasibility and safety of percutaneous ASD closure in children aged <6 years was evaluated and the predictors of procedural failure and challenging cases were identified.

Methods and results: Patients from a single center between 2006 and 2018 (n=407) were retrospectively evaluated.

Pulmonary valve replacement following repair of tetralogy of Fallot: comparison of outcomes between bio- and mechanical prostheses.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate and compare the outcomes after pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) with a mechanical prosthesis (MP) and a bioprosthesis (BP).

Methods: From 2004 through 2017, a total of 131 patients, who had already been repaired for tetralogy or Fallot or its variants, underwent their first PVR with an MP or a BP. Outcomes of interests were prosthesis failure (stenosis >3.