Harnessing the Coil Electrospinning Method for Fabricating Superflexible and Multiscale-Patterned Fibrous Tubular Scaffolds with Topographical Features.

The fibrous tubular scaffold (FTS) has potential as a vascular graft; however, its clinical application is hindered by insufficient mechanical properties. Inadequate mechanical properties of vascular grafts can lead to some serious side effects such as intimal hyperplasia, luminal expansion, and blood thrombogenicity. In this study, we developed a novel fibrous tubular scaffold comprising multiscale fibers to ensure superior mechanical properties.

3D cotton-type anisotropic biomimetic scaffold with low fiber motion electrospun via a sharply inclined array collector for induced osteogenesis.

Electrospinning is an effective method to fabricate fibrous scaffolds that mimic the ECM of bone tissue on a nano- to macro-scale. However, a limitation of electrospun fibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering is the structure formed by densely compacted fibers, which significantly impedes cell infiltration and tissue ingrowth. To address this problem, several researchers have developed numerous techniques for fabricating 3D fibrous scaffolds with customized topography and pore size.

Periodontal Ligament-Mimetic Fibrous Scaffolds Regulate YAP-Associated Fibroblast Behaviors and Promote Regeneration of Periodontal Defect in Relation to the Scaffold Topography.

Although multiple regenerative strategies are being developed for periodontal reconstruction, guided periodontal ligament (PDL) regeneration is difficult because of its cellular and fibrous complexities. Here, we manufactured four different types of PDL-mimic fibrous scaffolds on a desired single mat. These scaffolds exhibited a structure of PDL matrix and human PDL fibroblasts (PDLFs) cultured on the scaffolds resembling morphological phenotypes present in native PDLF.

Light-FER: A Lightweight Facial Emotion Recognition System on Edge Devices.

Facial emotion recognition (FER) systems are imperative in recent advanced artificial intelligence (AI) applications to realize better human-computer interactions. Most deep learning-based FER systems have issues with low accuracy and high resource requirements, especially when deployed on edge devices with limited computing resources and memory. To tackle these problems, a lightweight FER system, called Light-FER, is proposed in this paper, which is obtained from the Xception model through model compression.

Optimizing Face Recognition Inference with a Collaborative Edge-Cloud Network.

The rapid development of deep-learning-based edge artificial intelligence applications and their data-driven nature has led to several research issues. One key issue is the collaboration of the edge and cloud to optimize such applications by increasing inference speed and reducing latency. Some researchers have focused on simulations that verify that a collaborative edge-cloud network would be optimal, but the real-world implementation is not considered.

Functional improvement of collagen-based bioscaffold to enhance periodontal-defect healing via combination with dietary antioxidant and COMP-angiopoietin 1.

Scaffolds combined with bioactive agents can enhance bone regeneration at therapeutic sites. We explore whether combined supplementation with coumaric acid and recombinant human-cartilage oligomeric matrix protein-angiopoietin 1 (rhCOMP-Ang1) is an ideal approach for bone tissue engineering. We developed coumaric acid-conjugated absorbable collagen scaffold (CA-ACS) and investigated whether implanting CA-ACS in combination with rhCOMP-Ang1 facilitates ACS- or CA-ACS-mediated bone formation using a rat model of critically sized mandible defects.

No Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontitis in Korean Postmenopausal Women.

This study aimed to determine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontitis in Korean postmenopausal women. The study selected 3320 menopause women (40-79-year-old) from those who participated in the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018). This association was determined using frequency and multiple logistic regression analyses.

Association between Metabolic Syndrome and the Number of Remaining Teeth in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey.

There are very few studies on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and oral health in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the association between MetS and its components and the number of remaining teeth in postmenopausal women in Korea. The study selected 3320 menopausal women (40-79 years old) from those who participated in the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018).

Effects of prophylactic atropine on the time to tracheal intubation with the pre-administration of remifentanil.

Background: Pre-administration of remifentanil in target-controlled propofol and remifentanil anaesthesia could prolong the time of onset of muscle relaxation owing to haemodynamic effects, thereby prolonging the time to tracheal intubation. Although the sympatholytic effects of remifentanil result in bradycardia and hypotension, these responses can be attenuated by the administration of atropine. Therefore, we investigated whether prophylactic administration of atropine could prevent the prolongation of the time to tracheal intubation.

Application of machine learning approaches for osteoporosis risk prediction in postmenopausal women.

Unlabelled: Many predictive tools have been reported for assessing osteoporosis risk. The development and validation of osteoporosis risk prediction models were supported by machine learning.

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a silent disease until it results in fragility fractures.

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Alginate Porous Scaffold Incorporated with Decellularized Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum Particle for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Deer antler velvet (DAV), Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, has been known for the outstanding growth rate and used in extracted liquid form in oriental herbal medicine for the tissue regeneration. The DAV is also famous for the abundance of many different minerals, proteins, growth factors and interleukins. The immense amount of DAV is consumed to produce DAV extract in Asian countries.

The controlled design of electrospun PCL/silk/quercetin fibrous tubular scaffold using a modified wound coil collector and L-shaped ground design for neural repair.

Asymmetrically porous and aligned fibrous tubular conduit with selective permeability as a biomimetic neural scaffold was manufactured using polycaprolactone (PCL), silk, and quercetin by a modified electrospinning method. The outer surface of the randomly oriented fibrous scaffold had microscale pores that could prevent fibrous tissue invasion (FTI), but could permeate neurotrophic factors, nutrients, and oxygen. The inner surface of the aligned fibrous scaffold can be favorable for neurite outgrowth, because of their superior neural cell attachment, migration, and directional growth.

In Situ Biological Transmutation of Catalytic Lactic Acid Waste into Calcium Lactate in a Readily Processable Three-Dimensional Fibrillar Structure for Bone Tissue Engineering.

A bioinspired three-dimensional (3D) fibrous structure possesses biomimicry, valuable functionality, and performance to scaffolding in tissue engineering. In particular, an electrospun fibrous mesh has been studied as a scaffold material in various tissue regeneration applications. We produced a low-density 3D polycaprolactone/lactic acid (LA) fibrous mesh (3D-PCLS) via the novel lactic-assisted 3D electrospinning technique exploiting the catalytic properties of LA as we reported previously.

Synthesis of polypyrrole nanorods via sacrificial removal of aluminum oxide nanopore template: A study on cell viability, electrical stimulation and neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells.

Synthesis of nanomaterials having uniform shape and size is a challenging task. Properties exhibited by such substrates would be compatible and homogeneous compared to the average properties displayed by those substrates with heterogeneous size. Herein, we report the synthesis of polypyrrole nanorods (PPy-NRs) of almost uniform size via oxidative chemical polymerization of pyrrole within anodized aluminum oxide nanopores followed by sacrificial removal of the template.

Harnessing the Topography of 3D Spongy-Like Electrospun Bundled Fibrous Scaffold via a Sharply Inclined Array Collector.

To date, many researchers have studied a considerable number of three-dimensional (3D) cotton-like electrospun scaffolds for tissue engineering, including the generation of bone, cartilage, and skin tissue. Although numerous 3D electrospun fibrous matrixes have been successfully developed, additional research is needed to produce 3D patterned and sophisticated structures. The development of 3D fibrous matrixes with patterned and sophisticated structures (FM-PSS) capable of mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) is important for advancing tissue engineering.

Low-dose ionizing radiation attenuates mast cell migration through suppression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression by Nr4a2.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether low-dose ionizing radiation attenuates mast cell migration by modulating migration-associated signaling pathways and the expression of chemotactic cytokines. IgE-sensitized RBL-2H3 mast cells were exposed with ionizing radiation at 0.01, 0.

QCN-Based Analysis for Predicting the Quality of Resulting Electrospun Nanofiber: Effect of Real-Time Transient Rheological Properties of Precursor Solution on Electrospinning.

There is a large margin between the mechanical properties and morphology of electrospun fibers required in each area. The produced fibers show a large difference depending on the external environment such as temperature, humidity, and season even in optimum concentration and same electrospinning set-up. The properties of polymer solution among the parameters are the largest determinant of the mechanical strength and diameter of electrospun fibers.

Harnessing Nanotopography of Electrospun Nanofibrous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Neural Tissue Engineering.

The anatomical recovery of nerve defects with their neurological functions after an injury caused by diseases or accidents is an important clinical issue. The most efficient surgical technique so far to the nerve defects, which are unrepairable by direct end-to-end suture, can be autograft transplantation. The autograft transplantation, however, has disadvantages including multiple rounds of surgery, a shortage of nerve donor, and function loss at the donor site.

Harnessing nanotopography of PCL/collagen nanocomposite membrane and changes in cell morphology coordinated with wound healing activity.

Topographical cues at nanoscale are important to sustain an environment capable of controlling cell behavior. This work presents a novel approach for the fabrication of nanotopographical patterned polymeric nanofibers. Also, the influence of nanofibrous patterns on accelerated directional migration and proliferation of cells was investigated on this work.

Author Correction: Fabrication of transparent hemispherical 3D nanofibrous scaffolds with radially aligned patterns via a novel electrospinning method.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Nanoscale Resolution 3D Printing with Pin-Modified Electrified Inkjets for Tailorable Nano/Macrohybrid Constructs for Tissue Engineering.

Cells respond to their microenvironment, which is of a size comparable to that of the cells. The macroscale features of three-dimensional (3D) printing struts typically result in whole cell contact guidance (CCG). In contrast, at the nanoscale, where features are of a size similar to that of receptors of cells, the response of cells is more complex.

Fabrication of transparent hemispherical 3D nanofibrous scaffolds with radially aligned patterns via a novel electrospinning method.

Tissue engineering has significantly contributed to the development of optimal treatments for individual injury sites based on their unique functional and histologic properties. Human organs and tissue have three-dimensional (3D) morphologies; for example, the morphology of the eye is a spherical shape. However, most conventional electrospinning equipment is only capable of fabricating a two-dimensional (2D) structured fibrous scaffold and no report is available on a 3D electrospinning method to fabricate a hemispherical scaffold to mimic the native properties of the cornea, including microscopic to macroscopic morphology and transparency.

Functionalized silk fibroin film scaffold using β-Carotene for cornea endothelial cell regeneration.

Design of corneal endothelium substitute is important for replacement of cadaveric cornea tissue. Our previous study has shown the suitability of silk fibroin (SF) as a biomaterial for cornea scaffold. In this study, we used β-Carotene (β-C) to enhance the regeneration of corneal endothelial cells (CEnCs) and maintain CEnC specific function.

Bioengineered porous composite curcumin/silk scaffolds for cartilage regeneration.

Articular cartilage repair is a challenge due to its limited self-repair capacity. Cartilage tissue engineering supports to overcome following injuries or degenerative diseases. Herein, we fabricated the scaffold composed of curcumin and silk fibroin as an appropriate clinical replacement for defected cartilage.