Characterization of transcriptional enhancers in the chicken genome using CRISPR-mediated activation.

DNA regulatory elements intricately control when, where, and how genes are activated. Therefore, understanding the function of these elements could unveil the complexity of the genetic regulation network. Genome-wide significant variants are predominantly found in non-coding regions of DNA, so comprehending the predicted functional regulatory elements is crucial for understanding the biological context of these genomic markers, which can be incorporated into breeding programs.

Targeted Modulation of Chicken Genes In Vitro Using CRISPRa and CRISPRi Toolkit.

Engineering of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and the CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has enabled versatile applications of CRISPR beyond targeted DNA cleavage. Combination of nuclease-deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) and transcriptional effector domains allows activation (CRISPRa) or repression (CRISPRi) of target loci. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the CRISPR-mediated transcriptional regulation in chickens, three CRISPRa (VP64, VPR, and p300) and three CRISPRi (dCas9, dCas9-KRAB, and dCas9-KRAB-MeCP2) systems were tested in chicken DF-1 cells.

Exosomal arrow (Arr)/lipoprotein receptor protein 6 (LRP6) in Drosophila melanogaster increases the extracellular level of Sol narae (Sona) in a Wnt-independent manner.

Wg/Wnt as a signaling protein binds to Frizzled (Fz) and Arrow (Arr), two Wg co-receptors essential for Wg signaling for cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. Arr has a long extracellular region, a single transmembrane domain and an intracellular region. Here, we report that a new arr mutant is identified in a genetic screen as a suppressor of lethality induced by overexpression of Sol narae (Sona), a secreted metalloprotease in ADAMTS family involved in Wg signaling.

Author Correction: An ADAMTS Sol narae is required for cell survival in Drosophila.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

An ADAMTS Sol narae is required for cell survival in Drosophila.

Cell survival is essential for all living organisms to cope against multiple environmental insults. Intercellular signaling between dying and surviving cells plays an important role to ensure compensatory proliferation, preventing tissue loss after environmental stresses. Here, we show that Sol narae (Sona), a Disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) in Drosophila is required for cell survival.

The cytoprotective effect of Rumex Aquaticus Herba extract against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in AGS cells.

The Rumex Aquaticus Herba extract containing quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (ECQ) has been reported to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. This plant has been traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea, disinfestation, edema and jaundice, and as an antipyretic drug. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of ECQ to protect against oxidative damage and to determine its signaling mechanism in AGS cells.

Sol narae (Sona) is a Drosophila ADAMTS involved in Wg signaling.

ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteases with thrombospondin motif) family consists of secreted proteases, and is shown to cleave extracellular matrix proteins. Their malfunctions result in cancers and disorders in connective tissues. We report here that a Drosophila ADAMTS named Sol narae (Sona) promotes Wnt/Wingless (Wg) signaling.

Effect of Rumex Aquaticus Herba Extract Against Helicobacter pylori-Induced Inflammation in Gastric Epithelial Cells.

The purposes of this study were to examine the characteristics of Helicobacter pylori and the effect of Rumex Aquaticus Herba extract on the expression of cytokines in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. Cultured human adenocarcinoma gastric cells (AGS) were infected by H.

The inhibitory effect of PIK-75 on inflammatory mediator response induced by hydrogen peroxide in feline esophageal epithelial cells.

Isoform-selective inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation have an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing proinflammatory cytokines. Cultured feline esophageal epithelial cells (EEC) of passages 3~4 were treated with hydrogen peroxide and PIK-75. The cell viability was measured by a MTT incorporation assay.

Clinical Outcome of IM-Guided Total Knee Arthroplasty with Inappropriate Femoral Resection in Coronal Plane.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical results and accuracy of femoral cutting in the coronal plane in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a fixed length intramedullary guide.

Materials And Methods: From 2005 to 2008, 101 patients (154 knees) underwent TKA (NexGen LPS implant). The minimal follow-up period was 3 years (mean, 4.

Protective Effect of ECQ on Rat Reflux Esophagitis Model.

This study was designed to determine the protective effect of Rumex Aquaticus Herba extracts containing quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (ECQ) on experimental reflux esophagitis. Reflux esophagitis was induced by surgical procedure. The rats were divided into seven groups, namely normal group, control group, ECQ (1, 3, 10, 30 mg/kg) group and omeprazole (30 mg/kg) group.

Comparison of robot-assisted and conventional total knee arthroplasty: a controlled cadaver study using multiparameter quantitative three-dimensional CT assessment of alignment.

Introduction: A functional total knee replacement has to be well aligned, which implies that it should lie along the mechanical axis and in the correct axial and rotational planes. Incorrect alignment will lead to abnormal wear, early mechanical loosening, and patellofemoral problems. There has been increased interest of late in total knee arthroplasty with robotic assistance.

The factors that influence the postoperative segmental range of motion after cervical artificial disc replacement.

Background Context: Advantages of cervical artificial disc replacement (ADR) are to preserve segmental range of motion (ROM) and avoid adjacent segmental disease. To achieve successful outcome after cervical ADR, ROM maintenance is important, but few authors have investigated the factors that influence the postoperative segmental ROM.

Purpose: To evaluate the factors that influence the postoperative segmental ROM after cervical ADR.

Expression of gonadotropin alpha, follicle-stimulating hormone beta, and luteinizing hormone beta genes of the hermaphroditic fish Kryptolebias marmoratus exposed to octylphenol, 17beta estradiol, and tamoxifen.

In order to study the expression of the gonadotropin alpha subunit and beta subunit [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-beta and luteinizing hormone (LH)-beta] cDNAs in the hermaphroditic fish Kryptolebias marmoratus, we cloned these genes and analyzed their modulatory effects in the brain/pituitary tissue after exposure to 17beta estradiol (E2), tamoxifen (TMX), and octyphenol. Gonadotropin beta subunit (FSH-beta and LH-beta) showed E2-dependent upregulation in most hermaphrodites, whereas TMX did not show elevated expression. Octyphenol also showed a similar effect of upregulation on FSH-beta expression but not for the LH-beta gene.