Demographic Comparison of the Burden of Endoscopically Screenable Cancers in the United States.

Background And Aims: Gastrointestinal cancer incidence varies by race and ethnicity. In the United States (US), there are screening guidelines for esophageal cancer (EC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), but not gastric cancer (GC). We compared GC, CRC, and EC incidence among the most populous racial and ethnic groups to inform US interception strategies.

An artificial neuromuscular junction for enhanced reflexes and oculomotor dynamics based on a ferroelectric CuInPS/GaN HEMT.

A neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a particularized synapse that activates muscle fibers for macro-motions, requiring more energy than computation. Emulating the NMJ is thus challenging owing to the need for both synaptic plasticity and high driving power to trigger motions. Here, we present an artificial NMJ using CuInPS (CIPS) as a gate dielectric integrated with an AlGaN/GaN-based high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT).

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review with Gene Sequencing.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by multisystemic developmental defects caused by ( ) gene variants and/or SUFU gene variants. The presence of either two main criteria or one major and two minor criteria are required for the diagnosis of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Recently, a major criterion for molecular confirmation has also been proposed.

Reconfigurable Physical Reservoir in GaN/α-InSe HEMTs Enabled by Out-of-Plane Local Polarization of Ferroelectric 2D Layer.

Significant effort for demonstrating a gallium nitride (GaN)-based ferroelectric metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS)-high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) for reconfigurable operation via simple pulse operation has been hindered by the lack of suitable materials, gate structures, and intrinsic depolarization effects. In this study, we have demonstrated artificial synapses using a GaN-based MOS-HEMT integrated with an α-InSe ferroelectric semiconductor. The van der Waals heterostructure of GaN/α-InSe provides a potential to achieve high-frequency operation driven by a ferroelectrically coupled two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG).

Comparative Safety of Biologic Agents in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease With Active or Recent Malignancy: A Multi-Center Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Safety of biologic agents is a key consideration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and active or recent cancer. We compared the safety of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonists vs non-TNF biologics in patients with IBD with active or recent cancer.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with IBD and either active cancer (cohort A) or recent prior cancer (within ≤5 years; cohort B) who were treated with TNFα antagonists or non-TNF biologics after their cancer diagnosis.

Baseline Cannabinoid Use Is Associated with Increased Sedation Requirements for Outpatient Endoscopy.

Given the underlying properties of cannabinoids, we aimed to assess associations between cannabinoid use and sedation requirements for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. A prospective cohort study was conducted at three endoscopy units. Adult outpatients undergoing EGD or colonoscopy with endoscopist-directed conscious sedation (EDCS) were given questionnaires on cannabinoid use and relevant parameters.

Low Subthreshold Slope AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT with Spike-Annealed HfO Gate Dielectric.

AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs) with undoped ferroelectric HfO have been investigated. Annealing is often a critical step for improving the quality of as-deposited amorphous gate oxides. Thermal treatment of HfO gate dielectric, however, is known to degrade the oxide/nitride interface due to the formation of Ga-containing oxide.

Factors Associated with the Development of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19.

Background And Aims: The most common symptoms of Covid-19 are respiratory; however, gastrointestinal symptoms are present in up to 50% of patients. We aimed to determine characteristics associated with the development of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Covid-19.

Methods: A case-control study of adults hospitalized for Covid-19 was conducted across a geographically diverse alliance of 36 US and Canadian medical centers.

Pre-hospital antiplatelet medication use on COVID-19 disease severity.

Objective: To evaluate the association between pre-hospitalization antiplatelet medication use and COVID-19 disease severity.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Inpatient units at The Mount Sinai Hospital.

Initiation of Somatostatin analogues for neuroendocrine tumor patients: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background & Aims: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are heterogeneous neoplasms. Although some have a relatively benign and indolent natural history, others can be aggressive and ultimately fatal. Somatostatin analogues (SSAs) improve both quality of life and survival for these patients once they develop metastatic disease.

Association between somatostatin analogues and diabetes mellitus in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare analysis of 5235 patients.

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are increasingly common malignancies and tend to have favorable long-term prognoses. Somatostatin analogues (SSA) are a first-line treatment for many NETs. Short-term experiments suggest an association between SSAs and hyperglycemia.

Crystal structures of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2: structural basis for inherited muscular dystrophies.

The canonical O-mannosylation pathway in humans is essential for the functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan. Disruption of this post-translational modification pathway leads to congenital muscular dystrophies. The first committed step in the construction of a functional matriglycan structure involves the post-translational modification of α-dystroglycan.

Outcomes of COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Health Care Workers in North America.

Importance: Although health care workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of acquiring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is unclear whether they are at risk of poorer outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the association between HCW status and outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective, observational cohort study included consecutive adult patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 across 36 North American centers from April 15 to June 5, 2020.

Nasal airway function after Le Fort I osteotomy with maxillary impaction: A prospective study using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale.

Background: This study evaluated changes in nasal airway function following Le Fort I osteotomy with maxillary impaction according to the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale.

Methods: This cohort study included 13 patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy with maxillary impaction. Nasal airway function was evaluated based on the NOSE scale preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively.

Digestive Manifestations in Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Background & Aims: The prevalence and significance of digestive manifestations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain uncertain. We aimed to assess the prevalence, spectrum, severity, and significance of digestive manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Methods: Consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were identified across a geographically diverse alliance of medical centers in North America.

Intraoperative blood loss and surgical time according to the direction of maxillary movement.

Background: Excessive bleeding is one of the most severe complications of orthognathic surgery (OGS). This study investigated the associations of intraoperative blood loss and surgical time with the direction of maxillary movement.

Methods: This retrospective study involved patients who underwent OGS from October 2017 to February 2020.

Staged lower lip reconstruction following gangrenous stomatitis in an immunosuppressed patient.

A 70-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary stent insertion visited our hospital 7 days after biting his lower lip. Swelling and inflammation had worsened despite debridement and antibiotic treatment. On the 8th hospital day, fungal infection with Candida albicans and superimposed bacterial infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae were found on tissue culture.

A Traveling Wave Ion Mobility Spectrometry (TWIMS) Study of the Robo1-Heparan Sulfate Interaction.

Roundabout 1 (Robo1) interacts with its receptor Slit to regulate axon guidance, axon branching, and dendritic development in the nervous system and to regulate morphogenesis and many cell functions in the nonneuronal tissues. This interaction is known to be critically regulated by heparan sulfate (HS). Previous studies suggest that HS is required to promote the binding of Robo1 to Slit to form the minimal signaling complex, but the molecular details and the structural requirements of HS for this interaction are still unclear.

Reconstruction of a Traumatic Cleft Earlobe Using a Combination of the Inverted V-Shaped Excision Technique and Vertical Mattress Suture Method.

Traumatic cleft earlobes are a common problem encountered by plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Various techniques have been reported for the repair of traumatic cleft earlobes. Usually, the techniques of split earlobe repair are divided into two categories, namely straight- and broken-line repairs.

Use of Triamcinolone Acetonide to Treat Lower Eyelid Malposition after the Subciliary Approach.

Background: The subciliary approach is commonly used for reconstruction of orbital wall or zygomaticomaxillary fractures. However, this approach is associated with postoperative complications, especially lower eyelid malposition. We report the experience of managing postoperative lower eyelid malposition with triamcinolone acetonide.