Superior performance in classification of breast cancer molecular subtype and histological factors by radiomics based on ultrafast MRI over standard MRI: evidence from a prospective study.

Purpose: To compare the performance of ultrafast MRI with standard MRI in classifying histological factors and subtypes of invasive breast cancer among radiologists with varying experience.

Methods: From October 2021 to November 2022, this prospective study enrolled 225 participants with 233 breast cancers before treatment (NCT06104189 at clinicaltrials.gov).

Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Tabamide A and Its Structural Derivatives against Influenza Virus.

Influenza viruses cause severe endemic respiratory infections in both humans and animals worldwide. The emergence of drug-resistant viral strains requires the development of new influenza therapeutics. Tabamide A (TA0), a phenolic compound isolated from tobacco leaves, is known to have antiviral activity.

Ice-templated synthesis of tungsten oxide nanosheets and their application in arsenite oxidation.

Tungsten oxide (WO) nanosheets were prepared as catalysts to activate hydrogen peroxide (HO) in arsenite (As(III)) oxidation. Ice particles were employed as templates to synthesize the WO nanosheets, enabling easy template removal via melting. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that the obtained WO nanosheets were plate-like, with lateral sizes ranging from dozens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers and thicknesses of <10 nm.

Antinociceptive activity of the Benth. ethanolic extract, fractions, and isolated compounds in mice.

Benth. (CE) is native to the Mexico and multiple effects have been observed from several plants belonging to the same family. CE was subjected to extraction with 95% ethanol, and the components were isolated through column chromatography.

Design and Synthesis of π-Extended Resveratrol Analogues and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Evaluation.

The research on resveratrol () has been conducted intensively over a long time due to its proven antioxidant activity and disease-fighting capabilities. Many efforts have also been made to increase these biological effects. In the present study, six new extended aromatic resveratrol analogues containing naphthalene () and its bioisosteres quinoline ( and ), isoquinoline () quinoxaline () and quinazoline () scaffolds were designed and synthesized using an annulation strategy.

Identification of Plasmodium dipeptidyl aminopeptidase allosteric inhibitors by high throughput screening.

Dipeptidyl aminopeptidases (DPAPs) are cysteine proteases that cleave dipeptides from the N-terminus of protein substrates and have been shown to play important roles in many pathologies including parasitic diseases such as malaria, toxoplasmosis and Chagas's disease. Inhibitors of the mammalian homologue cathepsin C have been used in clinical trials as potential drugs to treat chronic inflammatory disorders, thus proving that these enzymes are druggable. In Plasmodium species, DPAPs play important functions at different stages of parasite development, thus making them potential antimalarial targets.

Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of homoisoflavonoids as potent inhibitors of nitric oxide production in RAW-264.7 cells.

Syntheses of natural homoisoflavonoids, (±)-portulacanones A-C (4, 8 and 9), portulacanone D (6), isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. (POL) and their derivatives (3, 5 and 7) have been achieved for the first time along with the synthesis of known derivatives (1 and 2) and their in vitro inhibitory effect against NO production in LPS-induced RAW-264.7 macrophages was evaluated as an indicator of anti-inflammatory activity.

Photocatalytic oxidation of urea on TiO in water and urine: mechanism, product distribution, and effect of surface platinization.

The photocatalytic oxidation of urea on TiO in water was compared with that in urine. Despite the presence of other organic compounds in urine, the oxidation efficiency of urea on TiO in urine was higher than that in water. This enhanced oxidation of urea in urine is ascribed to the higher production of OH (primary oxidant for urea degradation) by the adsorption of PO (one constituent of urine) on the TiO surface.

Enantioselective synthesis and antioxidant activity of 3,4,5-substituted piperidine derivatives.

In this study, 3,4,5-trisubstituted piperidines were synthesized enantioselectively, and their antioxidant activity was evaluated. The 3,4,5-trisubstituted piperidines containing TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) and a spatially proximal hydroxy group showed good antioxidant activity. Some of these compounds showed IC50 values in a nanomolar range, comparable to that of TEMPO.

Validation of the proteasome as a therapeutic target in Plasmodium using an epoxyketone inhibitor with parasite-specific toxicity.

The Plasmodium proteasome has been suggested to be a potential antimalarial drug target; however, toxicity of inhibitors has prevented validation of this enzyme in vivo. We report a screen of a library of 670 analogs of the recent US Food and Drug Administration-approved inhibitor, carfilzomib, to identify compounds that selectively kill parasites. We identified one compound, PR3, that has significant parasite killing activity in vitro but dramatically reduced toxicity in host cells.

High-order tunneling processes in single-porphyrin transistors.

Cotunneling and the Kondo effect are observed in single-electron transistors incorporating cobalt-porphyrins. These effects are attributed to high-order tunneling and strong coupling between the electrodes and the intervening porphyrin.

Unconventional Kondo effect in redox active single organic macrocyclic transistors.

Cyclo[6]- and cyclo[8]pyrrole, two aromatic expanded porphyrins, were studied in a single-molecule transistor (SMT) setup. The analyses of these compounds allowed us to observe an uncommon absence of an even-odd effect in the Kondo resonance in discrete, metal-free organic macrocyclic compounds. The findings from the SMT measurements of these cyclopyrroles were in accord with those from cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies and theoretical analyses.

Design, syntheses, and evaluation of Taspase1 inhibitors.

Taspase1 is a threonine protease responsible for cleaving MLL (Mixed-Lineage Leukemia) to achieve proper HOX gene expression. Subsequent studies identified additional Taspase1 substrates including Transcription Factor IIA (TFIIA) and Drosophila HCF. Taspase1 is essential for cell proliferation and is overexpressed in many cancer cell lines.

Immobilization of a hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.0.0) derivative onto a tentagel-amino resin and its use in uranyl cation detection.

The synthesis of an isoamethyrin derivative containing two CH(2)CH(2)CO(2)CH(3) moieties in the beta-pyrrolic positions and its use in the colorimetric detection of the uranyl cation after immobilization onto a solid support is reported.

Redox behavior of cyclo[6]pyrrole in the formation of a uranyl complex.

A uranyl complex, the first metal complex to be formed from the cyclo[n]pyrrole series of expanded porphyrins, is formed when cyclo[6]pyrrole is treated with the uranyl cation under aerobic conditions. Spectroscopic, spectroelectrochemical, and electron spin resonance data of this species are consistent with the ligand in the complex being oxidized to an antiaromatic form.

Nonlinear optical properties and excited-state dynamics of highly symmetric expanded porphyrins.

A strong correlation among calculated Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) values, molecular planarity, and the observed two-photon absorption (TPA) values was found for a series of closely matched expanded porphyrins. The expanded porphyrins in question consisted of [26]hexaphyrin, [28]hexaphyrin, rubyrin, amethyrin, cyclo[6]pyrrole, cyclo[7]pyrrole, and cyclo[8]pyrrole containing 22, 24, 26, 28, and 30 pi-electrons. Two of the systems, [28]hexaphyrin and amethyrin, were considered to be antiaromatic as judged from a simple application of Hückel's [4n + 2] rule.

Cyclo[n]pyrroles: size and site-specific binding to G-quadruplexes.

Inhibiting the enzyme telomerase by stabilizing the G-quadruplex has potential in anticancer drug design. Diprotonated cyclo[n]pyrroles represent a set of expanded porphyrin analogues with structures similar to that of telomestatin, a natural product known to bind to and stabilize G-quadruplexes. As a first step toward testing whether cyclo[n]pyrroles display a similar function, a series of diprotonated cyclo[n]pyrroles (where n = 6, 7, and 8) was each added to the human telomere repeat sequence d(T(2)AG(3))(4) and examined with mass spectrometry, ion mobility, and molecular dynamics calculations.

Electronic structure, spectra, and magnetic circular dichroism of cyclohexa-, cyclohepta-, and cyclooctapyrrole.

Three recently obtained expanded porphyrins represent nice examples of compounds for which the electronic and spectral properties can be predicted from symmetry considerations alone. Perimeter-model-based theoretical analysis of the electronic structure of doubly protonated cyclo[6], cyclo[7], and cyclo[8]pyrrole leads to the anticipation of qualitatively the same electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism patterns for all three compounds. These predictions are fully confirmed by experiments, as well as DFT and INDO/S calculations.