Climate change impacts on small pelagic fish distribution in Northwest Africa: trends, shifts, and risk for food security.

Climate change is recognised to lead to spatial shifts in the distribution of small pelagic fish, likely by altering their environmental optima. Fish supply along the Northwest African coast is significant at both socio-economic and cultural levels. Evaluating the impacts of climatic change on small pelagic fish is a challenge and of serious concern in the context of shared stock management.

Spatial dynamics of the bearded goby and its key fish predators off Namibia vary with climate and oxygen availability.

Hypoxia [O < 2.0 mL L (87 mol kg)] and severely hypoxic water masses [O < 0.5 mL L (21.