A high protein low glycemic index diet has no adverse effect on blood pressure in pregnant women with overweight or obesity: a secondary data analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the effect of a diet rich in animal protein and low in glycemic index on blood pressure during pregnancy.

Design: This , secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial, evaluated blood pressure in pregnant participants who were randomized either to an diet with high protein and low glycemic index, rich in dairy and seafood, or an control diet according to national recommendations.

Setting: The study occurred in pregnant women in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Liraglutide treatment for the prevention of glucose tolerance deterioration in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus: A 52-week randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aim: We investigated the effect of 52-week treatment with liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, on glucose tolerance and incretin effect in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM).

Materials And Methods: Women with overweight/obesity and pGDM were randomized to once daily subcutaneous liraglutide 1.8 mg or placebo for 52 weeks.

A high-protein low-glycemic index diet attenuates gestational weight gain in pregnant women with obesity: the "An optimized programming of healthy children" (APPROACH) randomized controlled trial.

Background: Prepregnancy overweight and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) increase the risk of complications and offspring obesity.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of a high-protein low-glycemic index (HPLGI) diet on GWG, birth weight, and risk of gestational complications in pregnant women with obesity.

Methods: A total of 279 women with prepregnancy overweight or obesity (BMI: 28-45 kg/m2), between 18 and 45 y old, and in their late first trimester with singleton pregnancies, were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 ad libitum diets: a high-protein low-glycemic index diet (HPLGI: 25%-28% of energy from protein and glycemic index ≤ 55) and a moderate-protein moderate-glycemic index diet (MPMGI: 15%-18% of energy from protein and glycemic index ∼60).

Plasma Exosome-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles From Lactating Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes Contain Aberrant Levels of miRNAs During the Postpartum Period.

Type 1 diabetes is an immune-driven disease, where the insulin-producing beta cells from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans becomes target of immune-mediated destruction. Several studies have highlighted the implication of circulating and exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in type 1 diabetes, underlining its biomarker value and novel therapeutic potential. Recently, we discovered that exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles carry altered levels of both known and novel miRNAs in breast milk from lactating mothers with type 1 diabetes.

One Year's Treatment with the Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Decreases Hepatic Fat Content in Women with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Prior Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Prior gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) is associated with increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has shown beneficial effects in NAFLD patients. We evaluated the effect of the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide on NAFLD features in women with pGDM.

Breast Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enriched in Exosomes From Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes Contain Aberrant Levels of microRNAs.

The breast milk plays a crucial role in shaping the initial intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity of the infant. Interestingly, breastfeeding has proven to be protective against the early onset of immune-mediated diseases including type 1 diabetes. Studies have shown that exosomes from human breast milk are enriched in immune-modulating miRNAs suggesting that exosomal miRNAs (exomiRs) transferred to the infant could play a critical role in the development of the infant's immune system.

The increasing role of a retained placenta in postpartum blood loss: a cohort study.

Purpose: To describe the association between quantity of blood loss, duration of the third stage of labour, retained placenta and other risk factors, and to describe the role of a retained placenta depending on the cutoff used to define postpartum haemorrhage.

Methods: Cohort study of all vaginal deliveries at two Danish maternity units between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013 (n = 43,357), univariate and multivariate linear regression statistical analyses.

Results: A retained placenta was shown to be a strong predictor of quantity of blood loss and duration of the third stage of labour a weak predictor of quantity of blood loss.

Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus and prediabetes are characterised by a decreased incretin effect.

Aims/hypothesis: We investigated whether a reduced incretin effect, as observed in patients with type 2 diabetes, can be detected in high-risk individuals, such as women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 102 women without diabetes with pGDM and 15 control participants without pGDM and with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) underwent a 4 h 75 g OGTT and an isoglycaemic i.v.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Prevalent in Women With Prior Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Independently Associated With Insulin Resistance and Waist Circumference.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a potentially reversible condition but is also associated with progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis. Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) have a higher risk for NAFLD.

Research Design And Methods: One hundred women without diabetes who had pGDM (median [interquartile range]: age 38.

The Impact of Upper Abdominal Pain During Pregnancy Following a Gastric Bypass.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the risk of internal herniation (IH) and the obstetric outcome in pregnant women with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and episodes of upper abdominal pain.

Methods: The cohort included 133 women with RYGB: 94 with 113 pregnancies, from the local area referred for routine antenatal care (local cohort) and 39 with 40 pregnancies referred from other hospitals for specialist consultation due to RYGB. RYGB was mainly performed without closure of the mesenteric defects.

Prevalence of anal incontinence during pregnancy and 1 year after delivery in a cohort of primiparous women and a control group of nulliparous women.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of anal incontinence (AI) during pregnancy and 1 year after delivery in primiparous women and to compare it with the prevalences in nulliparous women.

Material And Methods: A validated questionnaire regarding AI was filled in by 1018 primiparous women after delivery and by 1836 nulliparous women (baseline). A similar questionnaire was filled in 1 year later by both groups.

A Time Interval of More Than 18 Months Between a Pregnancy and a Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Increases the Risk of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia in Pregnancy.

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the impact of time between Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and pregnancy on obstetrical outcome and nutritional derangements.

Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study of pregnant women admitted for antenatal care at two tertiary hospitals, we examined 153 women with RYGB and a singleton pregnancy of at least 24 weeks. The women were stratified according to a pregnancy <18 months (40 women) or ≥18 months (113 women) after RYGB.

The effect of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on glucose tolerance in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus: protocol for an investigator-initiated, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel intervention trial.

Introduction: Pregnancy is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, which is usually overcome by a compensatory increase in insulin secretion. Some pregnant women are not able to increase their insulin secretion sufficiently, and consequently develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The disease normally disappears after delivery.

Risk factors for urinary incontinence 1 year after the first vaginal delivery in a cohort of primiparous Danish women.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to examine the relationship between maternal and perinatal factors and the occurrence of stress (SUI) or mixed (MUI) urinary incontinence (UI) 1 year after the first vaginal delivery in primiparous women.

Methods: Participants in this prospective cohort were recruited consecutively from June 2003 to July 2005 from all eligible women who delivered in the department. A validated questionnaire, the International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF) was completed by all participants 2-3 days after delivery, and a similar second questionnaire was filled out 1 year later.

The FIB-PPH trial: fibrinogen concentrate as initial treatment for postpartum haemorrhage: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. In Denmark 2% of parturients receive blood transfusion. During the course of bleeding fibrinogen (coagulation factor I) may be depleted and fall to critically low levels, impairing haemostasis and thus worsening the ongoing bleeding.

Urinary incontinence during pregnancy and 1 year after delivery in primiparous women compared with a control group of nulliparous women.

Aims: To investigate the impact of the first pregnancy and delivery on the prevalence and types of urinary incontinence during pregnancy and 1 year after delivery.

Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study with a control group. Primiparous women, who delivered in our department from June 2003 to July 2005, participated.

Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage caused by an intraplacental choriocarcinoma: a case report.

Background. Intraplacental choriocarcinoma is a rare but highly malignant trophoblastic neoplasm. When found near term the risk of maternal metastasis is high because of the late diagnosis.

Safety concerns for the use of calcium channel blockers in pregnancy for the treatment of spontaneous preterm labour and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are not licensed for use in pregnancy but are used without robust surveillance to treat hypertension in pregnancy and preterm labour. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fetomaternal safety of CCB in pregnancy by a quantitative systematic review.

Methods: Medline (1996-2005), EMBASE (1996-2003), BIOSIS (1993-2003), Current contents (1995-2003), DERWENT DRUGFILE (1983-2003) and Cochrane Library (2005: issue 3).

The quality of nifedipine studies used to assess tocolytic efficacy: a systematic review.

Objective: To assess the quality of studies of nifedipine used to treat spontaneous preterm labor.

Design: A systematic review of study quality using a novel validity assessment tool, examining method-specific and topic-specific items in the domains of selection, performance and measurement biases.

Data Sources: Medline (1996-2003), EMBASE (1996-2003), BIOSIS (1993-2003), Current Contents (1995-2003), DERWENT DRUGFILE (1983-2003), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Decreased fetal movements: background, assessment, and clinical management.

A reduction or cessation of fetal movements (FMs) is frequently reported by pregnant women and causes concern and anxiety. However, the clinical significance of a history of reduced FMs remains unclear, and the assessment and management of these pregnancies is controversial. This article is a review of the literature on decreased FMs found in medline and the cochrane library using the search phrases: decreased FMs, perinatal outcome, FM monitoring, and fetal assessment.