Accumulation and trophic transfer of organotins in a marine food web from the Danish coastal waters.

The presence of organotin compounds, e.g., tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) including the di- and monosubstituted breakdown products, was studied in a representative marine food web in order to assess the accumulation potential at different trophic levels in Danish coastal waters.

Butyltin compounds in sediment and molluscs from the shipping strait between Denmark and Sweden.

The distribution of tributyltin (TBT) contamination in the subtidal zone of the waters between Denmark and Sweden was investigated in relation to major international shipping lanes. Sediment and different benthic molluscs were sampled in transects along and perpendicularly to the shipping lanes in the Sound (Øresund) and the Kattegat/Skagerrak region. The samples were analysed for TBT and its degradation products, dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT), using GC-PFPD.

Development of imposex and accumulation of butyltin in the tropical muricid Thais distinguenda transplanted to a TBT contaminated site.

The muricid Thais distinguenda (ca. 1,300 individuals) was collected from a pristine island in the Andaman Sea and tagged prior to translocation to an area of intense shipping activities. A minimum of 50 tagged individuals were recaptured 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 months after transplantation.

Comparing sensitivity of ecotoxicological effect endpoints between laboratory and field.

Extrapolating toxicant effects with a fixed application factor (AF) approach or one of the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models presumes that toxicant effects on single, individual-level endpoints reflect effects at the ecosystem level. Measured effect concentrations on plankton from multispecies field tests using tributyltin (TBT) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) were compared with published laboratory single-species test results and measured in situ concentrations. Extrapolation methods were evaluated by comparing predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs), calculated by AF and SSD models with NOECs and E(L)C(50)s obtained from field studies.