Local area variation in health visiting contacts across England for children under age 5: a cross-sectional analysis of administrative data in England 2018-2020.

Background: The health visiting service in England leads the government's Healthy Child Programme (HCP) for children under five years. Local authorities and their provider partners deliver this service differently across England.

Objective: To describe local authority variation in the delivery of health visiting to children under five years in England (2018-2020).

How should policymakers, funders, and research teams mobilize to build the evidence base on universal early years services?

Health visiting in England is a universal service that aims to promote the healthy development of children aged under five years and safeguard their welfare. We consulted stakeholders about their priorities for research into health visiting and also used these consultations and a literature review to generate a logic model. Parents wanted research to explore how health visiting teams can provide a caring, responsive, accessible service (the mechanisms of change).

Can administrative data be used to research health visiting in England? A completeness assessment of the Community Services Dataset.

Introduction: Health visiting is a community service provided to families with children under five in England and is a key focus of early years policy. Individual-level data on health visiting is captured in the Community Services Data Set (CSDS), an administrative dataset of publicly funded community services across England. Analyses of CSDS are considered experimental as the dataset matures.

Care-experienced young people's views and experiences of accessing general practice and dental services and attending health reviews in England: a qualitative study.

Background: Children in care and care leavers have worse health outcomes than their peers without care experience. This study addresses an evidence gap in exploring care-experienced young people's views and experiences of accessing general practice and dental services and attending health reviews in England.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using podcasting as a creative medium.

Access to primary care for children and young people (CYP) in the UK: a scoping review of CYP's, caregivers' and healthcare professionals' views and experiences of facilitators and barriers.

Objectives: To examine children and young people's (CYP), caregivers' and healthcare professionals' (HCPs) views or experiences of facilitators and barriers to CYP access to UK primary care services to better understand healthcare inequity. To explore differences across CYP subpopulations with greater health needs from deprived areas, identifying as ethnic minorities, with experiences of state care, special educational needs or disabilities, chronic conditions or mental health problems.

Design: Scoping review.

Patient and caregiver characteristics associated with differential use of primary care for children and young people in the UK: a scoping review.

Objective: To systematically map evidence to answer the research question: DESIGN: Scoping review.

Setting: Primary care.

Eligibility Criteria: English-language quantitative or mixed-methods studies published between 2012 and 2022.

Parental decision making about safer sleep practices: A qualitative study of the perspectives of families with additional health and social care needs.

Introduction: Despite a decline in Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy in the UK since 2004, inequalities have widened with higher rates among families from deprived backgrounds and those known to child protection services. Almost all cases involve parents who had engaged in unsafe sleeping practices despite awareness of safer sleeping advice.

Objective: To understand the perspectives surrounding safer sleep of families supported by statutory child protection agencies, and use behavior change theory to inform how approaches to providing safer sleep advice to these families may be modified.

Perinatal healthcare for women at risk of children's social care involvement: a qualitative survey of professionals in England.

Background: Women with complex health needs are more at risk of having children's social care involvement with their newborns than other mothers. Around the time of pregnancy, there are opportunities for health services to support women with these needs and mitigate the risk of mother-baby separation. Yet little is known about healthcare professionals' experiences of providing this support.

'On paper, you're normal': narratives of unseen health needs among women who have had children removed from their care.

Background: Mothers who have children removed from their care often have complex needs. These women have poor health outcomes and are dying earlier than their peers from preventable and amenable causes. Yet there is little known about how health care services might mitigate these risks.

Parental health in the context of public family care proceedings: A scoping review of evidence and interventions.

Background: Child protective services (CPS), or their equivalent, have statutory power to remove children from birth parents in instances of child abuse, neglect, or concerns around parenting capacity via public family care proceedings. Parents who have children subject to proceedings, 'birth parents', often have complex health and social care needs.

Objective: We aimed to review what is known about the health needs of birth parents and the interventions implemented to support these health needs.

Study protocol: evaluation of the 0-5 public health investment in England - a mixed-methods study integrating analyses of national linked administrative data with in-depth case studies.

Introduction: Health visiting is a long-established, nationally implemented programme that works with other services at a local level to improve the health and well-being of children and families. To maximise the impact and efficiency of the health visiting programme, policy-makers and commissioners need robust evidence on the costs and benefits of different levels and types of health visiting, for different families, in different local contexts.

Methods And Analysis: This mixed-methods study will analyse individual-level health visiting data for 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 linked with longitudinal data from children's social care, hospitals and schools to estimate the association of number and type of health visiting contacts with a range of children and maternal outcomes.

Study protocol: a mixed-methods study to evaluate which health visiting models in England are most promising for mitigating the harms of adverse childhood experiences.

Introduction: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with poorer health outcomes throughout life. In England, health visiting is a long-standing, nationally implemented service that aims to prevent and mitigate the impact of adversity in early childhood, including for children exposed to ACEs. A range of health visiting service delivery practices exist across England (from the minimum five recommended contacts to tailored intensive interventions), but there is a lack of evidence on who receives what services, how this varies across local authorities (LAs) and the associated outcomes.

Child and family-focused interventions for child maltreatment and domestic abuse: development of core outcome sets.

Background: The current evidence for child maltreatment (CM) and domestic violence and abuse (DVA) interventions is limited by the diversity of outcomes evaluated and the variety of measures used. The result is studies that are difficult to compare and lack focus on outcomes reflecting service user or provider priorities.

Objective: To develop core outcome sets (COSs) for evaluations of child and family-focused interventions for: (1) CM and (2) DVA.

Changes in adolescents' planned hospital care during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of linked administrative data.

Objective: To describe changes in planned hospital care during the pandemic for vulnerable adolescents receiving children's social care (CSC) services or special educational needs (SEN) support, relative to their peers.

Design: Observational cohort in the Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data database (linked de-identified administrative health, education and social care records of all children in England).

Study Population: All secondary school pupils in years 7-11 in academic year 2019/2020 (N=3 030 235).

Variation in health visiting contacts for children in England: cross-sectional analysis of the 2-2½ year review using administrative data (Community Services Dataset, CSDS).

Objective: The 2-2½ year universal health visiting review in England is a key time point for assessing child development and promoting school readiness. We aimed to ascertain which children were least likely to receive their 2-2½ year review and whether there were additional non-mandated contacts for children who missed this review.

Design, Setting, Participants: Cross-sectional analysis of the 2-2½ year review and additional health visiting contacts for 181 130 children aged 2 in England 2018/2019, stratified by ethnicity, deprivation, safeguarding vulnerability indicator and Looked After Child status.

Protocol for developing core outcome sets for evaluation of psychosocial interventions for children and families with experience or at risk of child maltreatment or domestic abuse.

Introduction: Recognition that child maltreatment (CM) and domestic violence and abuse (DVA) are common and have serious and long-term adverse health consequences has resulted in policies and programmes to ensure that services respond to and safeguard children and their families. However, high-quality evidence about how services can effectively intervene is scant. The value of the current evidence base is limited partly because of the variety of outcomes and measures used in evaluative studies.

Health outcomes, healthcare use and development in children born into or growing up in single-parent households: a systematic review study protocol.

Introduction: Up to a quarter of all children globally live in single-parent households. Studies have concluded that children who grow up with continuously married parents have better health outcomes than children who grow up with single or separated parents. This is consistent for key health and development outcomes including physical health, psychological well-being and educational attainment.

Cohort profile: Children in Need Census (CIN) records of children referred for social care support in England.

Purpose: The Children in Need Census (CIN) is a case-based administrative dataset on children referred to social care services in England. CIN includes information on the 'needs' of children, and whether they received social care support. Local and national government bodies in England currently use CIN for evaluation purposes.

A scoping review of 'think-family' approaches in healthcare settings.

Background: 'Think-family' child health approaches treat child and parent/carer health as inter-related. They are promoted within health policy internationally (also called 'family paediatrics' or 'whole-family', 'family-centred' approaches or 'child-centred' approaches within adult services).

Methods: We reviewed publications of think-family interventions.

Who comes back with what: a retrospective database study on reasons for emergency readmission to hospital in children and young people in England.

Objective: To determine the proportion of children and young people (CYP) in England who are readmitted for the same condition.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: National administrative hospital data (Hospital Episode Statistics).

Integrating primary and secondary care for children and young people: sharing practice.

Objective: To share innovative practice with enough detail to be useful for paediatricians involved in planning services.

Design: A review of practice, adopting a realist approach.

Setting: We collected detailed information about five initiatives which were presented at two meetings in July and October 2014 and telephone interviews between July and November 2014 with key informants, updating information again in February 2015.