Efficacy and Safety of XEN1101, a Novel Potassium Channel Opener, in Adults With Focal Epilepsy: A Phase 2b Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Many patients with focal epilepsy experience seizures despite treatment with currently available antiseizure medications (ASMs) and may benefit from novel therapeutics.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of XEN1101, a novel small-molecule selective Kv7.2/Kv7.

Multi-center validation of Catquest-9SF visual function questionnaire in Ontario, Canada.

Purpose: To investigate the psychometric performance and responsiveness of Catquest-9SF, a patient-reported questionnaire developed to evaluate visual function as related to daily tasks, in patients referred for cataract surgery in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: This is a pooled analysis on prospective data collected for previous projects. Subjects were recruited from three tertiary care centers in Peel region, Hamilton, and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

A Population-Based Analysis of Long-Term Costs and Adverse Events after Pneumatic Retinopexy and Pars Plana Vitrectomy.

Purpose: To comprehensively examine the cost effectiveness, reattachment rate, and complications of pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) compared with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) within a universal health care system.

Design: Population-based, multicenter, consecutive, retrospective longitudinal cohort analysis.

Subjects: We identified consecutive adults aged ≥ 50 years requiring surgery for primary RRD over a 20-year interval between April 1, 2002, and March 31, 2022.

ENDOGENOUS FUNGAL ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER COVID-19 INFECTION: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a case of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) after severe COVID-19 disease, review patient outcomes with EE after COVID-19 infection, and review evidence regarding risk factors for developing EE.

Methods: This is a review of health records, imaging, intravitreal injection, and pars plana vitrectomy for bilateral fungal EE after severe COVID-19 disease, and is a literature review on outcomes in EE after COVID-19 disease.

Results: Sixty-three year-old man with diabetes and hypertension was admitted to hospital for severe COVID-19 disease for 3 months.

Evaluation of the abuse potential of difelikefalin, a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, in recreational polydrug users.

Difelikefalin, a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist with limited central nervous system penetration, is being developed for the treatment of chronic pruritic conditions. This randomized, double-blind, active- and placebo-controlled, four-way crossover study was designed to evaluate the abuse potential of difelikefalin in healthy recreational polydrug users. Using a 4 × 4 Williams design, nondependent adult users of opioids and hallucinogens (N = 44) were randomized to receive single intravenous (i.

TAP AND INJECT VERSUS PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY FOR POSTPROCEDURAL ENDOPHTHALMITIS: A Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes after prompt pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with tap biopsy and intravitreal antimicrobial injection to treat postinjection and postsurgery endophthalmitis.

Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid Embase databases were searched for articles published between January 2010 and November 2020. Two independent reviewers selected articles and extracted data.

Factors Associated with Willingness to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19 in a Large Convenience Sample.

Willingness and reasons to be vaccinated against COVID-19 were examined among 26,324 respondents who completed a survey on willingness and questions related to Confidence in vaccine safety, Complacency about the disease, Convenience of vaccination, tendency to Calculate risks versus benefits, and Concern for protecting others. Willingness to be vaccinated differed by age (p < 0.001), by race and ethnicity (p < 0.

A 12-month, dose-level blinded safety and efficacy study of levodopa inhalation powder (CVT-301, Inbrija) in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: CVT-301 (Inbrija®) is a levodopa inhalation powder for on-demand treatment of OFF episodes in Parkinson's disease patients treated with carbidopa/levodopa. Safety and efficacy results of a 12-month, dose-level blinded extension study of a phase 3 trial (SPAN℠-PD) of CVT-301 are presented.

Methods: Patients were receiving oral carbidopa/levodopa and adjunctive CVT-301 treatment, blinded to dose (60 mg or 84 mg, N = 325).

Retinal Displacement Following Pneumatic Retinopexy vs Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Importance: Retinal displacement following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair may have consequences for visual function. It is important to know whether surgical technique is associated with risk of displacement.

Objective: To compare retinal displacement following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair with pneumatic retinopexy (PR) vs pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

Assessment of Training Outcomes of Nurse Readers for Diabetic Retinopathy Telescreening: Validation Study.

Background: With the high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its significant visual consequences if untreated, timely identification and management of diabetic retinopathy is essential. Teleophthalmology programs have assisted in screening a large number of individuals at risk for vision loss from diabetic retinopathy. Training nonophthalmological readers to assess remote fundus images for diabetic retinopathy may further improve the efficiency of such programs.

Characteristics and trends in publications of abstracts presented at the Canadian Ophthalmological Society Annual Meetings: 2010-2015.

Objective: To evaluate the publication rate of abstracts presented at the Canadian Ophthalmological Society (COS) Annual Meetings from 2010 to 2015.

Design: A retrospective review and literature search of abstracts presented at the COS Annual Meetings from 2010 to 2015.

Methods: Abstracts were obtained from the scientific programs for the 2010-2015 COS meetings, excluding 2014 (data unavailable).

Evaluating patient preparedness for cataract surgery and satisfaction with preoperative care.

Objective: To evaluate preoperative preparedness and patient satisfaction after implementation of the Cataract Screening Preprocedural Questionnaire (CSPQ) at Hamilton Regional Eye Institute.

Design: Single-centred, prospective, cross-sectional study.

Participants/methods: One-hundred fifty-one adult patients undergoing elective cataract surgery completed the CSPQ questionnaire.

Does patient education improve compliance to routine diabetic retinopathy screening?

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening relies on adherence to follow-up eye care. This article assesses if a model of patient education and tele-retina screening among high-risk patients with DR can achieve increased rates of compliance within a one-year follow-up.

Methods: Between May 2014 and May 2016, DR screening was conducted in a cohort of 101 patients with diabetes in Southern Ontario.

Divergent clonal selection dominates medulloblastoma at recurrence.

The development of targeted anti-cancer therapies through the study of cancer genomes is intended to increase survival rates and decrease treatment-related toxicity. We treated a transposon-driven, functional genomic mouse model of medulloblastoma with 'humanized' in vivo therapy (microneurosurgical tumour resection followed by multi-fractionated, image-guided radiotherapy). Genetic events in recurrent murine medulloblastoma exhibit a very poor overlap with those in matched murine diagnostic samples (<5%).

Barnacle: detecting and characterizing tandem duplications and fusions in transcriptome assemblies.

Background: Chimeric transcripts, including partial and internal tandem duplications (PTDs, ITDs) and gene fusions, are important in the detection, prognosis, and treatment of human cancers.

Results: We describe Barnacle, a production-grade analysis tool that detects such chimeras in de novo assemblies of RNA-seq data, and supports prioritizing them for review and validation by reporting the relative coverage of co-occurring chimeric and wild-type transcripts. We demonstrate applications in large-scale disease studies, by identifying PTDs in MLL, ITDs in FLT3, and reciprocal fusions between PML and RARA, in two deeply sequenced acute myeloid leukemia (AML) RNA-seq datasets.

Complete genomic landscape of a recurring sporadic parathyroid carcinoma.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy with an estimated incidence of less than 1 per million population. Excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone, extremely high serum calcium level, and the deleterious effects of hypercalcaemia are the clinical manifestations of the disease. Up to 60% of patients develop multiple disease recurrences and although long-term survival is possible with palliative surgery, permanent remission is rarely achieved.

The genetic landscape of high-risk neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is a malignancy of the developing sympathetic nervous system that often presents with widespread metastatic disease, resulting in survival rates of less than 50%. To determine the spectrum of somatic mutation in high-risk neuroblastoma, we studied 240 affected individuals (cases) using a combination of whole-exome, genome and transcriptome sequencing as part of the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) initiative. Here we report a low median exonic mutation frequency of 0.

Subgroup-specific structural variation across 1,000 medulloblastoma genomes.

Medulloblastoma, the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour, is currently treated with nonspecific cytotoxic therapies including surgery, whole-brain radiation, and aggressive chemotherapy. As medulloblastoma exhibits marked intertumoural heterogeneity, with at least four distinct molecular variants, previous attempts to identify targets for therapy have been underpowered because of small samples sizes. Here we report somatic copy number aberrations (SCNAs) in 1,087 unique medulloblastomas.