Saturation-transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy is a fast and versatile method which can be applied for drug-screening purposes, allowing the determination of essential ligand binding affinities (K). Although widely employed to study soluble proteins, its use remains negligible for membrane proteins. Here the use of STD NMR for K determination is demonstrated for two competing substrates with very different binding affinities (low nanomolar to millimolar) for an integral membrane transport protein in both detergent-solubilised micelles and reconstituted proteoliposomes.
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