Long-term effectiveness of eliglustat treatment: A real-world analysis from the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry.

Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) is known for phenotypic heterogeneity and varied natural history. Registrational clinical trials enrolled narrowly defined phenotypes, but greater diversity is encountered in clinical practice. We report real-world outcomes with long-term eliglustat treatment in adults with GD1 in the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry.

Associations of urinary metabolite concentrations of phthalates and phthalate replacements with body composition from mid-childhood to early adolescence.

Background: Phthalates may adversely influence body composition by lowering anabolic hormones and activating peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor gamma. However, data are limited in adolescence when body mass distributions rapidly change and bone accrual peaks. Also, potential health effects of certain phthalate/replacements [e.

Serum PFAS and Urinary Phthalate Biomarker Concentrations and Bone Mineral Density in 12-19 Year Olds: 2011-2016 NHANES.

Context: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalates are 2 families of environmental endocrine disruptors that may be associated with areal lower bone mineral density (aBMD).

Objective: To examine associations between serum PFAS and urinary phthalate biomarker concentrations and their mixtures with aBMD Z-scores in adolescents.

Design, Patients, And Measures: We examined serial cross-sectional data from male (n = 453) and female (n = 395) 12- to 19-year-old participants in the 2011 through 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with measures of serum PFAS, urinary phthalate metabolites, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry aBMD Z-scores (total body less head).

Out-of-hospital births and infant mortality in the United States: Effect measure modification by rural maternal residence.

Background: Out-of-hospital births have been increasing in the United States, and home births are almost twice as common in rural vs. urban counties. Planned home births and births in rural areas have each been associated with an increased risk of infant mortality.

Dietary correlates of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in 6-19 Year old children and adolescents.

Background: Children are vulnerable to adverse health effects associated with phthalates, and food is one source of exposure. A comprehensive analysis investigating urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in relation to food type and source has yet to be undertaken.

Objectives: We use reduced rank regression, a dimension reduction method, to identify dietary patterns associated with urinary phthalate metabolites in children in a large US study.

Sexual Orientation and Age at Menarche in Three U.S. Longitudinal Cohorts.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine age at menarche across sexual orientation groups.

Methods: Data were obtained from 131,090 female participants, born 1947-2001, in 3 longitudinal studies-the Growing Up Today Study and Nurses' Health Study 2 and 3. We estimated the association between sexual orientation and age at menarche using regression models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, birthweight, height, and body mass index.

Dietary patterns and PFAS plasma concentrations in childhood: Project Viva, USA.

Background: Diet is thought to account for most adult human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Children are particularly vulnerable to adverse health effects of PFAS and may have different eating habits than adults. However, studies of dietary patterns and PFAS in children are limited.

Predictors of Plasma Fluoride Concentrations in Children and Adolescents.

Despite increasing concerns about neurotoxicity of fluoride in children, sources of fluoride exposure apart from municipal water fluoridation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the associations of demographics, drinking water characteristics, diet, and oral health behaviors with plasma fluoride concentrations in U.S.

Rural-Urban Differences in Hospitalizations for Opioid Use-Associated Infective Endocarditis in the United States, 2003-2016.

Background: The incidence of infective endocarditis, a serious heart infection that can result from injection drug use, has increased in step with the opioid epidemic. Harm reduction services aimed at decreasing infectious complications of injection drug use are limited in rural areas; however, it is unknown whether the burden of opioid use-associated infective endocarditis varies between rural and urban populations.

Methods: We used 2003-2016 National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample data and joinpoint regression to compare trends in hospitalization for opioid use-associated infective endocarditis between rural and urban populations.

Reproductive and developmental health effects of prenatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene-contaminated drinking water.

Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) is a common contaminant in both occupational and community settings. High exposure levels in the workplace have been shown to have adverse impacts on reproduction and development but few epidemiological studies have examined these effects at the lower levels commonly seen in community settings. We were presented with a unique opportunity to examine the reproductive and developmental effects of prenatal exposure to PCE-contaminated drinking water resulting from the installation of vinyl-lined water pipes in Massachusetts and Rhode Island from the late 1960s through 1980.

Electronic Cigarette Use in US Households With Children: The "New" Secondhand Smoke.

This study explores the prevalence of electronic cigarette use among US adults in households with children.

Residential Proximity to Roadways and Ischemic Placental Disease in a Cape Cod Family Health Study.

Exposure to air pollution may adversely impact placental function through a variety of mechanisms; however, epidemiologic studies have found mixed results. We examined the association between traffic exposure and placental-related obstetric conditions in a retrospective cohort study on Cape Cod, MA, USA. We assessed exposure to traffic using proximity metrics (distance of residence to major roadways and length of major roadways within a buffer around the residence).

Childhood and adolescent fish consumption and adult neuropsychological performance: An analysis from the Cape Cod Health Study.

Objective: This exploratory analysis examines the relationship between childhood and adolescent fish consumption and adult neuropsychological performance.

Design: Data from a retrospective cohort study that assessed fish consumption from age 7 to 18years via questionnaire were analyzed. A subset of the population underwent domain-specific neuropsychological assessment.

Childhood Fish Consumption and Learning and Behavioral Disorders.

Fish is a major source of nutrients critical for brain development during early life. The importance of childhood fish consumption is supported by several studies reporting associations of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation with better behavior and school performance. However, fish may have a different effect than n-3 PUFA alone due to the neurotoxic effects of methylmercury, a frequent contaminant.

Milk Consumption after Age 9 Years Does Not Predict Age at Menarche.

Background: Regular milk consumption during childhood and adolescence is recommended for bone health. However, milk consumption increases circulating insulin-like growth factor I concentrations, and may also accelerate puberty.

Objective: We prospectively investigated the association between milk consumption and age at menarche in the Growing Up Today Study.

Prenatal drinking-water exposure to tetrachloroethylene and ischemic placental disease: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Prenatal drinking water exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE) has been previously related to intrauterine growth restriction and stillbirth. Pathophysiologic and epidemiologic evidence linking these outcomes to certain other pregnancy complications, including placental abruption, preeclampsia, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) (i.e.

Early and late menarche and risk of depressive symptoms in young adulthood.

We investigated whether girls experiencing early menarche have an increased risk of depression during young adulthood. This study used data collected in the Growing Up Today Study (N = 9,039), an ongoing prospective cohort of the daughters of women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study II. After excluding girls who were postmenarcheal at baseline in 1996, <20 or ≥26 years old in 2007, or missing data on key covariates, the final sample size was 3,711.

Use of a simple visual distraction to reduce pain and anxiety in patients undergoing colposcopy.

Objective: We hypothesized that a passive visual distraction would reduce pain and anxiety among women undergoing colposcopy.

Materials And Methods: We assessed the association between exposure to a passive visual distraction during colposcopy and procedure-related pain and anxiety using a nonrandomized intervention design. Women presenting for initial or repeat colposcopy at Brigham and Women's Hospital Colposcopy Clinics were eligible for participation.

Consumption of low-fat dairy products may delay natural menopause.

Later menopause is a risk factor for breast and endometrial cancer, yet few studies have investigated dietary predictors of this potentially modifiable event. In particular, dairy contains hormones and growth factors that could potentially affect menopausal timing. We therefore assessed the association between regular consumption of dairy foods and related nutrients and age at natural menopause.

A cervical abnormality risk prediction model: can we use clinical information to predict which patients with ASCUS/LSIL Pap tests will develop CIN 2/3 or AIS?

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and abnormal Pap test results are common, and most do not progress to cervical cancer. Because it is difficult to predict which mild Pap abnormalities will develop into precancerous lesions, many women undergo painful and costly evaluations and even unnecessary treatment. The objective of this study was to develop a risk prediction model based on clinical and demographic information to identify women most likely to develop significant precancerous lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2/3 [CIN 2/3] or adenocarcinoma in situ [AIS]) among women with mild Pap abnormalities (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion).

Urinary bisphenol A and obesity: NHANES 2003-2006.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical suspected of causing endocrine and metabolic disruption in animals and humans. In rodents, in utero exposure to low-dose BPA is associated with weight gain. Detectable levels of BPA are found in most Americans due to its widespread use in the manufacture of food and drink packaging.