Profiteering optical biosensors for swift assaying clanobutin residues in food samples, baby food and surface water: Comparative greenness, whiteness and blueness assessment.

In livestock systems, clanobutin sodium (CLB) is a pivotal veterinary medication due to its appetite-stimulant features. This contribution aims to design, for the first time, a straightforward and ecological framework for quantifying CLB in various matrices. Relying on a direct mix-and-read assay, tyrosine (TS) and tryptophan (TP) biosensors were exploited as turn-off fluorescence probes for quantifying CLB using λ 274/302 nm and 272/361 nm, respectively.

Utility of a xanthene-based dye for determination of nilotinib using two spectroscopic approaches. Applications to bulk powder, capsules, and spiked human plasma.

Novel, selective, facile, and precise spectroscopic approaches were validated to determine nilotinib hydrochloride, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. These approaches depend on the reaction of the tertiary amine group of nilotinib with erythrosine B in the Britton-Robinson buffer at pH 4. Method I, depends on measuring the absorbance of the formed complex at 551 nm.

Utility of a novel turn-off fluorescence probe for the determination of tranilast, an adjunctive drug for patients with severe COVID-19.

Tranilast (TR) could be investigated as a suitable anti-inflammatory and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor medication for the treatment of COVID-19 acute patients. Owing to its importance, our study was constructed for the determination of TR using a new, fast, sensitive, and reliable green spectrofluorimetric method. TR was quantified in this study by forming a complex with the acriflavine (AC) reagent.

Inspection of antimicrobial remains in bovine milk in Egypt and Saudi Arabia employing a bacteriological test kit and HPLC-MS/MS with estimation of risk to human health.

Veterinary medicine uses antibiotics randomly for treatment and growth promotion. Milk of dairy animals contains substantial quantities of antibiotics that have harmful effects on health. It is therefore necessary to test commercially available milk using immunological, chromatographic, or microbiological methods to confirm the absence of antibiotic residues.

Synthesis of New Cyanopyridine Scaffolds and their Biological Activities.

Background: 3-Cyanopyridine analogues are significant moieties with a variety of biological effects such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents. In addition, they could be applied in the treatment of several diseases.

Objective: The study conducted cyclo-addition of 3a-e derivatives with malononitrile to yield the corresponding 6-(4-((3-cyano-pyridinyl) amino) phenyl)-4-phenylnicotinonitriles 4a-e.

Assessment of lipophilicity of newly synthesized celecoxib analogues using reversed-phase HPLC.

Background: Lipophilicity is a physicochemical property of an essential importance in medicinal chemistry; therefore, fast and reliable measurement of lipophilicity will affect greatly the drug discovery process.

Results: A series of -benzenesulfonamide-1-pyrazoles, oximes and hydrazones as celecoxib analogues was investigated with regard to their retention behavior using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The mobile phases employed for this study consist of a mixture of water and methanol in different proportions.

Simultaneous estimation of amlodipine and atorvastatin by micelle-augmented first derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry and multivariate analysis.

Five Selective, rapid and sensitive spectrofluorimetric methods were performed in this study for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate (AML) and atorvastatin (ATR) in their binary mixtures and combination polypills that are used for management of cardiovascular conditions. The first method depends on micelle-enhanced first derivative synchronous fluorimetric analysis (method I) and the other four methods are multivariate analysis techniques based on the use of factor-based calibration prediction methods comprising partial least squares (PLS), Principal Component Regression (PCR), genetic algorithm PLS (GA-PLS) and genetic algorithm PCR (GA-PCR). The synchronous fluorescence spectra of the solutions were measured at a constant wavelength difference; Δλ = 100 nm.

Simultaneous evaluation of losartan and amlodipine besylate using second-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric technique and liquid chromatography with time-programmed fluorimetric detection.

This study is concerned with two sensitive, fast and reproducible approaches; namely, second-derivative synchronous fluorimetry (method I) and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection (method II) for synchronized evaluation of losartan (LOS) and amlodipine besylate (AML). Method I is based on measuring second-derivative synchronous fluorescence spectra of LOS and AML at Δ = 80 nm in water. The experimental factors influencing the synchronous fluorescence of the considered compounds were sensibly adjusted.

First derivative spectrofluorimetric determination of zopiclone and its degradation product, 2-amino-5-chloropyridine, in pharmaceutical formulations with preliminary tool in biological fluids for clinical evidence of zopiclone intake.

A simple, fast, sensitive and stability-indicating derivative spectrofluorimetric method is presented for the assay of zopiclone (ZOP), a drug with hypnotic effect, and its main degradation product and major contaminant, 2-amino-5-chloropyridine (ACP). The method is based on measuring the inherent fluorescence intensity of both drugs at λex=300nm in methanol, then differentiation using D1 (first derivative technique). The developed method was found to be rectilinear over a range of 0.

Fourth-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry and HPLC with fluorescence detection as two analytical techniques for the simultaneous determination of itopride and domperidone.

Two simple, rapid and sensitive methods, namely, fourth-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry (method I) and HPLC with fluorescence detection (method II) were developed for the simultaneous analysis of a binary mixture of itopride HCl (ITP) and domperidone (DOM) without prior separation. The first method was based on measuring the fourth derivative of the synchronous fluorescence spectra of the two drugs at Δλ = 40 nm in methanol. The different experimental parameters affecting the synchronous fluorescence of the studied drugs were carefully optimized.

A green capillary zone electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of piperacillin, tazobactam and cefepime in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma.

A green, novel, rapid, accurate and reliable capillary zone electrophoresis method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of piperacillin, tazobactam and cefepime in pharmaceutical preparations. Separation was carried out using fused silica capillary (50 µm i.d.

Simultaneous determination of tylosin and josamycin residues in muscles, liver, eggs and milk by MLC with a monolithic column and time-programmed UV detection: application to baby food and formulae.

Background: Tylosin and Josamycin are macrolide antibiotics. They are used in the treatment of pneumonia, arthritis and mastitis in cattle, and mycoplasma infections in poultry. The incorrect use of antibiotics has lead to the presence of antibiotic residues in foods.

Spectrofluorimetric analysis of ethopabate in veterinary formulations with application to residue determination in chicken muscles and liver.

Ethopabate is a veterinary drug used in the prophylaxis and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens. The presence of drug residues in edible tissues can be dangerous to human consumers. It may cause direct toxic effects, allergic reactions and increased bacterial resistance.

Micellar liquid chromatographic analysis of benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde in injectable formulations.

An accurate, sensitive and selective reversed-phase micellar liquid chromatographic method was developed for simultaneous determination of benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde. This method was applied in different injectable formulations containing diclofenac, piroxicam, lincomycin and clindamycin. The method showed excellent linearity in the range of 10-100 microg mL(-1) and 1-20 microg mL(-1) with the limit of detection (S/N = 3) 0.