Successful pharmacological intervention at different levels of the complement system in an in vitro complement fixation model for bullous pemphigoid.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is characterized by deposition of immunoglobulins and complement along the epidermal basement membrane (BM). In humans, there is a lack of functional studies targeting the complement system (CS). This study investigates activation of all complement pathways in BP skin biopsies.

Hedgehog pathway mutations are involved in the pathogenesis of plaque-type "trichoblastoma": A report of two cases.

We present two cases of plaque-type trichoblastoma with atypical foci. A rare variant of trichoblastoma is the plaque variant, which is characterized by poor circumscription and locally infiltrative growth pattern. These lesions mostly require multiple stages of Mohs micrographic surgery.

Trichoblastic carcinosarcoma with panfollicular differentiation (panfollicular carcinosarcoma) and CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) mutation.

We present a case of trichoblastic carcinosarcoma with panfollicular differentiation. An 80-year-old man presented with a lesion on the left ear, which had been present for several months. Histopathology revealed a well-demarcated neoplasm in the dermis composed of intimately intermingled malignant epithelial and mesenchymal cells.

Immune response and stromal changes in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast are subtype dependent.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) associated stromal changes and influx of immune cells might be mediators of progression to invasive breast cancer. We studied the interaction between DCIS-associated stromal changes, and immune cell distribution and composition in a well-characterized patient cohort. We included 472 patients with DCIS.

Complement Activation in Inflammatory Skin Diseases.

The complement system is a fundamental part of the innate immune system, playing a crucial role in host defense against various pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Activation of complement results in production of several molecules mediating chemotaxis, opsonization, and mast cell degranulation, which can contribute to the elimination of pathogenic organisms and inflammation. Furthermore, the complement system also has regulating properties in inflammatory and immune responses.

Editor's Choice - Five Year Results of Great Saphenous Vein Treatment: A Meta-analysis.

Objectives: The most frequently used treatment options for great saphenous vein incompetence are high ligation with stripping (HL+S), endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA), mainly consisting of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) or radiofrequency ablation, and ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS). The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the long-term efficacy of these different treatment modalities.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed.