Evaluation of binaural functions in bilateral cochlear implant users.

Binaural abilities are difficult to assess, yet important to understand, in the course of rehabilitating bilateral cochlear implantees. One purpose of this research was to develop a binaural assessment methodology using direct electrical input to the cochlear implant, ''direct connect assessment'', pre-processed by appropriate headrelated transfer functions (HRTFs) to simulate the binaural cues for spatial release from masking and sound localization. A second purpose was to create and evaluate new, modified rules for adaptively measuring the speech reception threshold in noise with the Hearing In Noise Test (HINT) for use with cochlear implant subjects.

Formation of molecular radical cations of aliphatic tripeptides from their complexes with CuII(12-crown-4).

Molecular radical cations have proven to be difficult to generate from aliphatic peptides under electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) conditions. For a family of small aliphatic peptides GGX, where X = G, A, P, I, L and V, these cations have been generated by electrospraying a mixture of Cu.2+, 12-crown-4 and GGX in methanol/water.