Measuring and predicting the effect of remyelinating therapy in multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled trial protocol (RESTORE).

Introduction: Remyelination failure hampers symptomatic recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS), underlining the importance of developing remyelinating therapies. Optic neuritis is currently the most established method of measuring remyelination in MS trials. Complementary more generalisable methods of measuring remyelination are required to confirm treatment efficacy.

A novel eye-movement impairment in multiple sclerosis indicating widespread cortical damage.

In multiple sclerosis, remyelination trials have yet to deliver success like that achieved for relapse rates with disease course modifying treatment trials. The challenge is to have a clinical, functional outcome measure. Currently, there are none that have been validated, other than visual evoked potentials in optic neuritis.

Artificial intelligence extension of the OSCAR-IB criteria.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic algorithms have achieved ambitious aims through automated image pattern recognition. For neurological disorders, this includes neurodegeneration and inflammation. Scalable imaging technology for big data in neurology is optical coherence tomography (OCT).

A model for interrogating the clinico-radiological paradox in multiple sclerosis: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

Background And Purpose: The clinico-radiological paradox in multiple sclerosis (MS) is well recognized, relevant and yet poorly understood. The suitability of an in vivo model for the clinico-radiological paradox was tested, using internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) and the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study lesions of the MLF were rated by an experienced MS neuroradiologist blinded to all other information.

Quantification of Visual Fixation in Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose: Eye movement abnormalities are common in multiple sclerosis (MS), and infrared oculography is a noninvasive method for quantification. This study aims to describe and classify abnormalities of visual fixation and their clinical relevance in MS.

Methods: A validated standardized infrared oculography protocol, Demonstrate Eye Movement Networks with Saccades, was used for quantifying gaze stability during a fixation task in MS patients and healthy controls.

Treatment of internuclear ophthalmoparesis in multiple sclerosis with fampridine: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial.

Aim: To examine whether the velocity of saccadic eye movements in internuclear ophthalmoparesis (INO) improves with fampridine treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial with fampridine in patients with MS and INO. Horizontal saccades were recorded at baseline and at multiple time points post-dose.

The role of optical coherence tomography and infrared oculography in assessing the visual pathway and CNS in multiple sclerosis.

In this review, a current overview is provided of how optical coherence tomography and infrared oculography can aid in assessing the visual system and CNS in multiple sclerosis (MS). Both afferent and efferent visual disorders are common in MS and visual complaints can have a tremendous impact on daily functioning. Optical coherence tomography and infrared oculography can detect and quantify visual disorders with high accuracy, but could also serve as quantitative markers for inflammation, neurodegeneration and network changes including cognitive decline in MS patients.

Retinal atrophy in relation to visual functioning and vision-related quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Inner retinal layer atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been validated as a structural imaging biomarker for neurodegeneration.

Objective: To determine how retinal layer thickness relates to high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA), low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA) and vision-related quality of life (QoL) and to investigate the effect of previous episodes on MS-associated optic neuritis (MSON).

Methods: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed in 267 patients with MS.

Recovery to Preinterventional Functioning, Return-to-Work, and Life Satisfaction After Treatment of Unruptured Aneurysms.

Background And Purpose: The eventual goal of preventive treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is to increase the number of life years with high life satisfaction. Insight in the time with reduced functioning, working capacity, and life satisfaction after aneurysm treatment is pivotal to balance the pros and cons of preventive aneurysm occlusion.

Methods: We sent a questionnaire on time-to-recovery to preintervention functioning and return-to-work and life satisfaction to patients treated for an unruptured aneurysm between 2000 and 2013.

Rapid Systematic Review of the Epley Maneuver for Treating Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare watchful waiting to the Epley maneuver as a management option for patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (p-BPPV) regarding symptom relief.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted.