Use of Insomnia Treatments and Discussions About Sleep with Health Professionals Among Australian Adults with Mental Health Conditions.

Background: Insomnia is a common issue among individuals with mental health conditions, yet the frequency of insomnia treatment remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of probable insomnia, discussions regarding sleep with health professionals, and the utilisation of commonly delivered insomnia treatments in Australian adults diagnosed with mental health conditions.

Methods: This study represents a secondary analysis of data collected through a cross-sectional, national online survey conducted in 2019.

Self-reported suboptimal sleep and receipt of sleep assessment and treatment among persons with and without a mental health condition in Australia: a cross sectional study.

Background: Poor sleep and poor mental health go hand in hand and, together, can have an adverse impact on physical health. Given the already disproportionate physical health inequities experienced by people with a mental health condition worldwide, the need to consider and optimise sleep has been highlighted as a means of improving both physical and mental health status. Sleep recommendations recently developed by the United States' National Sleep Foundation incorporate a range of sleep parameters and enable the identification of 'suboptimal' sleep.

Effectiveness of embedding a specialist preventive care clinician in a community mental health service in increasing preventive care provision: A randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Clinical practice guidelines recommend that community mental health services provide preventive care for clients' chronic disease risk behaviours; however, such care is often not routinely provided. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of offering clients an additional consultation with a specialist clinician embedded within a community mental health service, in increasing client-reported receipt of, and satisfaction with, preventive care.

Method: A randomised controlled trial was undertaken in one Australian community mental health service.

Uptake of a preventive care consultation offered to clients of a community mental health service.

Preventive care to address client chronic disease risks is not frequently provided in community mental health services. Offering clients an additional preventive care consultation has been shown to increase client receipt of such care. The ability of this approach to have a beneficial impact at the population level is however dependent on its level of acceptability and uptake among clients.

Prevalence of self-reported suboptimal sleep in Australia and receipt of sleep care: results from the 2017 National Social Survey.

Objectives: The National Sleep Foundation's (NSFs) sleep duration recommendations and quality indicators enable trichotomous classification of sleep parameters as 'appropriate', 'may be appropriate' or 'inappropriate', with the latter representing 'suboptimal' sleep. This study reports the prevalence of self-reported suboptimal sleep and associated demographics in a large sample of Australian adults. In addition, reported are rates of suboptimal sleep assessment by health-care clinicians/services and receipt of and desire for sleep care, and their associations with suboptimal sleep.

A survey of the prevalence of modifiable health risk behaviours among carers of people with a mental illness.

Background: Family carers provide significant support to people with a mental illness; yet may experience poor mental and physical health themselves. Among limited research addressing the physical health of carers, studies of carers of people with dementia and young people with psychosis suggest increased risk of chronic diseases in conjunction with higher levels of potentially modifiable lifestyle risk behaviours. This exploratory study, conducted with carers of people with various mental illnesses, aimed to determine: carer prevalence of health risk behaviours (inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption, inadequate physical activity, harmful alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking); interest in changing 'at risk' behaviours; and potential associations of socio-demographic characteristics with risk status and interest in change.

Providing physical health care for people accessing mental health services: Clinicians' perceptions of their role.

The prevalence of health risk behaviours and associated poor physical health is high in people with severe mental illness. Mental health service guidelines and policies stipulate that mental health services should address physical health of people who access services. This study reports results from a large, interdisciplinary, cross-sectional study exploring mental health clinicians' (n = 385) views of role legitimacy in physical health service provision.

Patient receipt of smoking cessation care in four Australian acute psychiatric facilities.

This study aimed to report the receipt of smoking care, and associated clinical and smoking characteristics among smokers admitted to four public psychiatric inpatient facilities in New South Wales, Australia. Between October 2012 and July 2014, adult smokers (N = 236) were surveyed during admission to and 1 month following discharge from the facilities. Measures of smoking care receipt were reported descriptively, and logistic regression analyses were used to explore characteristics associated with care receipt.

Efficacy of a universal smoking cessation intervention initiated in inpatient psychiatry and continued post-discharge: A randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Interventions are required to redress the disproportionate tobacco-related health burden experienced by persons with a mental illness. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a universal smoking cessation intervention initiated within an acute psychiatric inpatient setting and continued post-discharge in reducing smoking prevalence and increasing quitting behaviours.

Method: A randomised controlled trial was undertaken across four psychiatric inpatient facilities in Australia.

Effectiveness of a clinical practice change intervention in increasing the provision of nicotine dependence treatment in inpatient psychiatric facilities: an implementation trial.

Background: Despite clinical practice guidelines recommending the routine provision of nicotine dependence treatment to smokers in inpatient psychiatric facilities, the prevalence of such treatment provision is low. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a clinical practice change intervention in increasing clinician recorded provision of nicotine dependence treatment to patients in inpatient psychiatric facilities.

Methods: We undertook an interrupted time series analysis of nicotine dependence treatment provision before, during and after a clinical practice change intervention to increase clinician recorded provision of nicotine dependence treatment for all hospital discharges (aged >18 years, N = 4175) over a 19 month period in two inpatient adult psychiatric facilities in New South Wales, Australia.

Smoking and Mental Illness: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Output Over Time.

Introduction: The prevalence of smoking among persons with a mental illness has remained unchanged, being 2-3 times higher than the general population in high-income countries. Assessment of the volume and characteristics of research output over time can assist in identifying research priorities to promote progress within a field. The aim of this study was to undertake such an assessment in the field of smoking and mental illness.

Smoking and environmental characteristics of smokers with a mental illness, and associations with quitting behaviour and motivation; a cross sectional study.

Background: Persons with a mental illness are less likely to be successful in attempts to quit smoking. A number of smoking and environmental characteristics have been shown to be related to quitting behaviour and motivation of smokers generally, however have been less studied among smokers with a mental illness. This study aimed to report the prevalence of smoking characteristics and a variety of physical and social environmental characteristics of smokers with a mental illness, and explore their association with quitting behaviour and motivation.

Implementation of a smoke-free policy in an inpatient psychiatric facility: Patient-reported adherence, support, and receipt of nicotine-dependence treatment.

The implementation of smoke-free policies in inpatient psychiatric facilities, including patient adherence, mental health nursing staff support, and provision of nicotine-dependence treatment to patients, has been reported to be poor. The extent to which the quality of smoke-free policy implementation is associated with patient views of a policy is unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 181 patients (53.

Evaluating the efficacy of an integrated smoking cessation intervention for mental health patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Smoking rates, and associated negative health outcomes, are disproportionately high among people with mental illness compared to the general population. Smoke-free policies within mental health hospitals can positively impact on patients' motivation and self-efficacy to address their smoking. However, without post-discharge support, preadmission smoking behaviours typically resume.

Impact of a postdischarge smoking cessation intervention for smokers admitted to an inpatient psychiatric facility: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Persons with a mental disorder smoke at higher rates and suffer disproportionate tobacco-related burden compared with the general population. The aim of this study was to determine if a smoking cessation intervention initiated during a psychiatric hospitalization and continued postdischarge was effective in reducing smoking behaviors among persons with a mental disorder.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at an Australian inpatient psychiatric facility.

The impact of a smoke-free psychiatric hospitalization on patient smoking outcomes: a systematic review.

Objective: Smoke-free policies have been introduced in inpatient psychiatric facilities in most developed nations. Such a period of supported abstinence during hospitalization may impact smoking behaviours post discharge, yet little quantitative evidence exists. The aim of this review was to provide the first synthesis of the research evidence examining the impact of a smoke-free psychiatric hospitalization on patients' smoking-related behaviours, motivation, and beliefs.

Smoking cessation care provision and support procedures in Australian community mental health centers.

Objective: The study assessed the association of supportive clinical systems and procedures with smoking cessation care at community mental health centers.

Methods: Managers (N=84) of community mental health centers in New South Wales, Australia, were asked to complete a survey during 2009 about smoking cessation care.

Results: Of the 79 managers who responded, 56% reported that the centers assessed smoking for over 60% of clients, and 34% reported that more than 60% of clients received minimum acceptable smoking cessation care.

Comparison of Three Methods to Assess Binge Consumption: One-Week Retrospective Drinking Diary, AUDIT, and Quantity/Frequency.

Binge consumption contributes substantially to the occurrence of alcohol-related harm. Despite its importance, binge drinking is not well defined in the literature. The present study examines the proportions of respondents identified as binge drinkers by three separate measures: a 1-week retrospective drinking diary (RD), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and a quantity/frequency (QF) question.

Community-based alcohol counselling: a randomized clinical trial.

Aims: To examine the effectiveness of a brief intervention (BI) and cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for alcohol abuse.

Design: A randomized trial with clients randomized within counsellors.

Setting: Community-based drug and alcohol counselling in Australia.

Community-based drug and alcohol counselling: who attends and why?

In order to develop and tailor treatment approaches in drug and alcohol counselling accurately, it is necessary to identify characteristics of the relevant client group. This study describes the demographic and substance use characteristics of 1212 community-based drug and alcohol counselling clients from a regional Area Health Service in NSW, Australia. Findings identify these clients as predominantly young, unmarried, unemployed males with low incomes.