Simultaneous clonal spread of NDM-1-producing ST773 from Ukrainian patients in the Netherlands and Spain.

Objectives: We describe the clonal spread of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) 1-producing isolates belonging to the ST773 clone in Spain and the Netherlands, associated with the transfer of Ukrainian patients during the war.

Methods: Between March and December 2022, nine NDM-1-producing ST773 isolates were recovered from nine Ukrainian patients evacuated to two Spanish ( = 3) and five Dutch ( = 6) hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was studied (Sensititre, Microscan, EUCAST-2023).

Production of OXA-48 carbapenemase acts as an independent risk factor for poor outcome in Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.

Purpose: To know whether the production of OXA-48 carbapenemase exerts an independent impact on the outcome of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, once adjusted by clinical syndrome and baseline risk factors.

Methods: We performed a case-cohort study including 117 infectious episodes due to OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae (OXA-48-Kp) and 117 episodes due to non-OXA-48-producing strains (non-OXA-48-Kp).

Carbapenemase-Producing in COVID-19 Intensive Care Patients: Identification of IncL-VIM-1 Plasmid in Previously Non-Predominant Sequence Types.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, intensive care units (ICUs) operated at or above capacity, and the number of ICU patients coinfected by nosocomial microorganisms increased. Here, we characterize the population structure and resistance mechanisms of carbapenemase-producing (CP-Kpn) from COVID-19 ICU patients and compare them to pre-pandemic populations of CP-Kpn. We analyzed 84 CP-Kpn isolates obtained during the pandemic and 74 CP-Kpn isolates obtained during the pre-pandemic period (2019) by whole genome sequencing, core genome multilocus sequence typing, plasmid reconstruction, and antibiotic susceptibility tests.

First confirmation of importation and transmission in Spain of the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant.

Introduction: A newly identified SARS-CoV-2 variant, VOC202012/01 originating lineage B.1.1.

Genomic Analysis of Ceftazidime/Avibactam-Resistant GES-Producing Sequence Type 235 Isolates.

The emergence of ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) resistance among Guiana extended-spectrum -lactamase (GES)-producing isolates has rarely been described. Herein, we analyze the phenotypic and genomic characterization of CZA resistance in different GES-producing isolates that emerged in our institution. A subset of nine CZA-resistant isolates was analyzed and compared with thirteen CZA-susceptible isolates by whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Clinical impact of time-to-positivity of blood cultures on mortality in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of the time-to-positivity of blood cultures (TTP) on 30-day mortality in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia.

Methods: All nonduplicated episodes of P. aeruginosa monomicrobial bacteremia in adult patients from January 2013 to February 2020 were analysed.

Dissemination of a single ST11 clone of OXA-48-producing within a large polyclonal hospital outbreak determined by genomic sequencing.

The population structure of a set of OXA-48-producing isolates belonging to sequence type 11 (ST11 Kp-OXA) and obtained from two hospitals in Madrid in the period from 2012 to 2015 was studied by genome sequencing. Overall, 97 ST11 Kp-OXA isolates were sequenced and their population structure and demography were studied by Bayesian phylodynamic analysis using core-genome SNVs. In total, 92 isolates were from Hospital La Paz, 57 of them from two selected units.

Prognostic factors of OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in a tertiary-care Spanish hospital: A retrospective single-center cohort study.

Objectives: To describe the determinants of outcome of infections due to oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48) carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (OXA-48-Kp).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 117 episodes of OXA-48-Kp infection were conducted. Multivariate Cox models identified factors predicting 14-day clinical response and 30-day all-cause mortality.

Effectiveness of ceftazidime-avibactam for the treatment of infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Background: Clinical experience with ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for treatment of infections due to multidrug or extremely resistant (MDR/XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is limited.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with MDR/XDR P.

Clinical and bacterial characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa affecting the outcome of patients with bacteraemic pneumonia.

Few studies have assessed the clinical and bacterial characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) bacteraemic pneumonia (BP) episodes. This study analysed all non-duplicate PA-BP episodes from a tertiary hospital in 2013-2017. Epidemiology, clinical data, antimicrobial therapy and outcomes were recorded.

First confirmation of importation and transmission in Spain of the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant.

Introduction: A newly identified SARS-CoV-2 variant, VOC202012/01 originating lineage B.1.1.

Pathogenic characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia isolates in a high-endemicity setting for ST175 and ST235 high-risk clones.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a major clinical concern. The interplay between antimicrobial resistance and virulence of P. aeruginosa was investigated in in vitro and in vivo studies.

Predictors of Mortality in Bloodstream Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Impact of Antimicrobial Resistance and Bacterial Virulence.

Whether multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with mortality in patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) remains controversial. Here, we explored the prognostic factors of BSI with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance and virulence. All BSI episodes in a 5-year period were retrospectively analyzed.

Toxin B PCR Amplification Cycle Threshold Adds Little to Clinical Variables for Predicting Outcomes in Infection: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the value of the PCR cycle threshold ( ) for predicting the recurrence/severity of infection compared to that of toxin detection plus clinical variables. First episodes of infection (CDI) diagnosed during 2015 at our institution were included. Samples were tested for glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B by use of a single enzyme immunoassay (EIA).

Sub-inhibitory concentrations of oxacillin modify the expression of agr locus in Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains belonging to different clonal complexes.

Background: The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to invade tissues and cause an infectious disease is the result of a multi-factorial process supported by the huge number of virulence factors inherent to this microorganism tightly regulated by the accessory gene regulator (agr). During antimicrobial therapy bacteria may be exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations (subMICs) of antibiotics that may trigger transcriptional changes that may have an impact on the pathogenesis of infection. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of oxacillin sub-MICs on agr system expression as the key component in the regulation of virulence in methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and -resistant S.

Bacteraemia due to extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa sequence type 235 high-risk clone: Facing the perfect storm.

Predictors of mortality and the impact of multidrug resistance and virulence on patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) bacteraemia were evaluated. Patients with PA bacteraemia in a 12-month period were retrospectively analysed. Carbapenemase production, molecular typing and identification of virulence factor ExoU were carried out.

Characterization of mobile genetic elements carrying VIM-1 and KPC-2 carbapenemases in Citrobacter freundii isolates in Madrid.

Carbapenemase producing Citrobacter freundii (CPCF) infections are still uncommon in European countries. Here we report a molecular study conducted in a tertiary care facility in southern Madrid, Spain, from 2009 to 2014 to investigate the epidemiology of CPCF. The blablablablablabla and bla genes were screened by PCR.

Molecular epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection/colonisation in a hospital in Madrid.

Introduction: A description is presented on the molecular epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae infection in a tertiary hospital.

Material And Methods: A study was made on all the carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolations obtained between February 2015 and March 2016 in the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Madrid). Phenotypic and molecular methods were used.