Intraoperative Frozen Section Evaluation of Pancreatic Specimens and Related Liver Lesions.

Context.—: Frozen sections are essential in the surgical management of patients, especially those with pancreatic masses, because frozen sections can provide answers intraoperatively and aid in treatment decisions. Pancreas frozen sections are challenging because of the small tissue size, processing artifacts, neoadjuvant treatment effects, and concurrent pancreatitis-like obstructive changes.

Diagnosis and management of gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GEA), a rare subtype of cervical cancer, has garnered increasing attention recently for its distinctive histopathological features, unique classification, genetic characteristics, and variable clinical outcomes compared to squamous cell and adenocarcinoma subtypes. Historically, GEA has evolved from a poorly understood entity to a distinct subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma, only recently recognized in the 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Accordingly, characteristic morphological features define GEA, shedding light on the diagnostic challenges and potential misclassification that can occur in clinical practice.

Comparing Accuracy of Helicobacter pylori Identification Using Traditional Hematoxylin and Eosin-Stained Glass Slides With Digital Whole Slide Imaging.

With advancements in the field of digital pathology, there has been a growing need to compare the diagnostic abilities of pathologists using digitized whole slide images against those when using traditional hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained glass slides for primary diagnosis. One of the most common specimens received in pathology practices is an endoscopic gastric biopsy with a request to rule out Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.

Evaluation of A Computer-Aided Detection Software for Prostate Cancer Prediction: Excellent Diagnostic Accuracy Independent of Preanalytical Factors.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common noncutaneous cancer in men in the Western world. In addition to accurate diagnosis, Gleason grading and tumor volume estimates are critical for patient management. Computer-aided detection (CADe) software can be used to facilitate the diagnosis and improve the diagnostic accuracy and reporting consistency.

Case study: Malakoplakia of the bladder.

Objectives: Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease thought to be the result of defective bacterial phagocytosis and lysosome function, and there is difficulty in accurate diagnosis as a result of non-specific symptoms that mimic other diseases and cancers. This study presents a case of bladder malakoplakia associated with renal failure presenting as a tumor.

Methods: A 55-year-old woman with history of kidney disease who presented with general malaise and worsening renal failure was found to have a bladder mass and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), and subsequent histological examination.

Universal tumor screening for lynch syndrome on colorectal cancer biopsies impacts surgical treatment decisions.

Universal tumor screening (UTS) for Lynch syndrome (LS) on colorectal cancer (CRC) can be performed on biopsies or resection specimens. The advantage of biopsies is the chance to provide preoperative genetic counseling/testing (GC/T) so patients diagnosed with LS can make informed decisions regarding resection extent. We evaluated utilization of UTS on biopsies, percentage of patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) who underwent GC/T preoperatively, and whether surgical/treatment decisions were impacted.

Primary Intranodal Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma with Molecular Confirmation.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare low-grade malignant vascular tumor with indolent biology, characterized by reciprocal t(1;3)(p36.6;q25) with resultant gene fusion in the vast majority of cases, regardless of anatomic location. Only a small subset, exhibiting well formed vasoformative features will contain gene fusion.

Formalin pre-fixation improves autopsy histology.

Microscopic findings in key tissues are often critical to determine the cause of death in medical autopsies. The overall quality of histologic sections depends on numerous pre-analytic factors, among which are tissue section size and thickness. We designed a prospective quality improvement study to determine whether a simple intervention of formalin pre-fixation of myocardium, liver, and kidney tissues could improve the ease of cutting and quality of autopsy histologic sections as assessed by histotechnicians and pathologists.

Morphologic changes associated with neoadjuvant-treated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and comparison of two tumor regression grading systems.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is aggressive, with an overall five-year survival rate of 9%, and few patients are candidates for pancreatectomy at presentation. The role of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is evolving, especially for high-risk potentially resectable tumors. Owing to the increasing number of NAT resection specimens, we aim to characterize the histologic changes associated with NAT and to compare two tumor regression grading schemes.

An unexpected paradox: wall shear stress in the aorta is less in patients with severe atherosclerosis regardless of obesity.

Background: Obesity is a widespread condition that is more prevalent in Western countries compared to others. Aortic atherosclerosis (AA) is a condition that frequently has been associated with obesity. An obesity paradox, where morbidly obese decedents had either no or minimal AA compared to nonobese decedents, recently has been described by some of us.