Forgotten Fundamentals: A Review of State Legislation on Nutrition for Incarcerated Pregnant and Postpartum People.

Adequate nutritional intake during pregnancy is critical to infant health and development. People with the capacity for pregnancy who are incarcerated have limited control over their diets and rely on prisons and jails to meet their nutritional needs. This study examined state and federal statutes pertaining to nutrition care for pregnant people while incarcerated.

Injectable Colloidal Hydrogels of -Vinylformamide Microgels Dispersed in Covalently Interlinked pH-Responsive Methacrylic Acid-Based Microgels.

Injectable hydrogels offer great potential to augment damaged or degenerated soft tissues. A key criterion for such gels is that their modulus is as close as possible to that of the target tissue. The majority of synthetic hydrogels have used low molecular weight polymer chains which may cause problems if they diffuse away from the injection site and/or increase the local osmotic pressure.

A putative link between pertussis and new onset of gastroesophageal reflux an observational study.

Background: Pertussis is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract with a changing epidemiology. An increasing incidence has been found in the adult population with recurrent infections possibly related to changes in the current vaccine. Is there an association between pertussis infection, refractory cough and atypical gastro-oesophageal reflux (GORD)? Does this magnify and compound respiratory complications?

Methods: Observational study which compares post-pertussis (n=103) with non-pertussis patients (n=105) with established GORD.

Evaluation of fluid absorption during flexible ureteroscopy in an in vivo porcine model.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between renal pelvis pressure and fluid absorption during ureteroscopy (URS) in a live porcine model.

Materials And Methods: Flexible URS (fURS) was performed in anaesthetised female Yorkshire pigs. Prior to performing fURS, a 0.

Improving the Efficiency, Stability, and Adhesion of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Nanogel Additive Engineering.

Additive engineering has been applied widely to improve the efficiency and/or stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Most additives used to date are difficult to locate within PSCs as they are small molecules or linear polymers. In this work, we introduce, for the first time, carboxylic acid-functionalized nanogels (NGs) as additives for PSCs.

Maternal and neonatal outcomes among incarcerated women who gave birth in custody.

Background: In the United States, the population of incarcerated women has increased by more than 600% since the 1980s. With this rise, correctional facilities have faced new challenges meeting the health care needs of women, especially those who are pregnant. This retrospective cohort study sought to describe five indicators of maternal and neonatal health among women who gave birth in custody, and to compare outcomes among incarcerated women who did and did not receive enhanced pregnancy support.

Corrections officers' knowledge and perspectives of maternal and child health policies and programs for pregnant women in prison.

Background: In response to the dramatic increase in the number of women incarcerated in the United States-and a growing awareness that a small proportion of women enter prison pregnant and have unique health needs-some prisons have implemented policies and programs to support pregnant women (defined here as maternal and child health [MCH] policies and programs). Corrections officers (COs) are key stakeholders in the successful implementation of prison policies and programs. Yet, little empirical research has examined prison COs' knowledge and perspectives of MCH policies and programs, particularly the impact such policies and programs have on COs' primary job responsibility of maintaining safety and security.

Imaging functional motor connectivity in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke.

Perinatal stroke causes lifelong disability, particularly hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Arterial ischemic strokes (AIS) are large, cortical, and subcortical injuries acquired near birth due to acute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Periventricular venous infarctions (PVI) are smaller, subcortical strokes acquired prior to 34 weeks gestation involving injury to the periventricular white matter.

What's Old Is New Again: The Sacroiliac Joint as a Cause of Lateralizing Low Back Pain.

It has not been easy to identify mechanical failure of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) with traditional imaging. The integrated model of function (Lee and Vleeming, 1998) suggests that under normal circumstances, form and force closure combined contribute to sacral nutation and "locking" the SIJ for optimal load transfer. This model is supported by clinical evidence and scintigraphic findings that contribute to successful therapy in 80% of cases.

Highly deformable hydrogels constructed by pH-triggered polyacid nanoparticle disassembly in aqueous dispersions.

Most hydrogels are prepared using small-molecule monomers but unfortunately this approach may not be feasible for certain biomaterial applications. Consequently, alternative gel construction strategies have been established, which include using covalent inter-linking of preformed gel particles, or microgels (MGs). For example, covalently interlinking pH-responsive MGs can produce hydrogels comprising doubly crosslinked microgels (DX MGs).

Federal and State Policy Efforts to Address Maternal Opioid Misuse: Gaps and Challenges.

Background: Opioid misuse during pregnancy is increasingly common and is associated with preterm birth and neonatal abstinence syndrome. As such, there is increased policy attention on reducing opioid misuse and increasing detection and treatment of opioid use disorder around the time of childbirth.

Methods: We conducted a review of peer-reviewed and grey literature to identify policy strategies to address opioid misuse among pregnant women; to describe current federal and state laws that impact women before pregnancy, during pregnancy, at birth, and postpartum; and to identify gaps and challenges related to these efforts.

Synthesis of polyacid nanogels: pH-responsive sub-100 nm particles for functionalisation and fluorescent hydrogel assembly.

Nanogels are crosslinked polymer particles with a swollen size between 1 and 100 nm. They are of major interest for advanced surface coatings, drug delivery, diagnostics and biomaterials. Synthesising polyacid nanogels that show triggered swelling using a scalable approach is a key objective of polymer colloid chemistry.

Metabolic disturbances identified by SPECT-CT in patients with a clinical diagnosis of sacroiliac joint incompetence.

Purpose: To establish the sensitivity and specificity of cross-sectional scintigraphy [single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)] combined with computed X-ray tomography (CT) in the detection of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) mechanical dysfunction and evaluate reproducibility of reporting.

Methods: Patients with pelvic girdle pain either on the basis of peri-partum SIJ dysfunction or trauma were included. These patients were imaged with bone scintigraphy with hybrid imaging with SPECT/CT.

Most nursing home social service directors lack training in working with lesbian, gay, and bisexual residents.

The purpose of this descriptive study is to report findings from a nationally representative mail-in survey of nursing home social service directors (n = 1,071) who were asked if they had received at least one hour of training in six different areas of cultural competency in the past five years. Of the six areas, the lowest percentage of directors reported having training in homophobia. Three-fourths of the sample had not received even one hour of homophobia training over the past five years.