High Protein Whole Food Snack and Albumin Outcomes in Patients With Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: Protein-energy wasting is common among patients on hemodialysis (HD). This study sought to define effects that a novel, post-HD, high-calorie, high-protein whole food snack had on patients' serum albumin (serum alb), serum phosphorus and equilibrated normalized protein catabolic rate (enPCR).

Methods: A 12-month (6 months intervention, 6 months pre/post data collection), single-center, unblinded study was conducted.