Programming scheduled self-assembly of circadian materials.

Active biological molecules present a powerful, yet largely untapped, opportunity to impart autonomous regulation of materials. Because these systems can function robustly to regulate when and where chemical reactions occur, they have the ability to bring complex, life-like behavior to synthetic materials. Here, we achieve this design feat by using functionalized circadian clock proteins, KaiB and KaiC, to engineer time-dependent crosslinking of colloids.

A topical examination of Cigar Aficionado magazine content, 2023.

Introduction: Prior research has found that premium cigar marketing highlights favorable themes (e.g. glamour), and reinforces the idea that premium cigars are part of a successful, luxurious lifestyle.

Effect of NGN-Style Case Studies on Nursing Students' Anxiety and Self-Confidence With Clinical Decision-Making.

Background: The Next Generation National Council Licensing Examination (NCLEX) uses the Clinical Judgment Measurement Model in unfolding case studies to assess graduate nurses' clinical judgment.

Purpose: This study explored the impact of Next Generation NCLEX (NGN)-style case studies on baccalaureate nursing students' self-confidence and anxiety with clinical decision-making.

Methods: Seventy-six second-year baccalaureate nursing students participated in this 1-group convergent mixed-methods study.

Impact of tele-antimicrobial stewardship at two small community hospitals in partnership with an academic medical center: two years of experience.

Objective: To analyze the impact of a fully remote tele-antimicrobial stewardship program (TASP) at two small community hospitals in partnership with an academic medical center.

Design: Retrospective survey from August 1, 2020, to July 31, 2022.

Setting: A TASP, co-led by an infectious diseases (ID) physician and ID pharmacist, was implemented at M Health Fairview (MHF) Northland, a 21-bed hospital, and at MHF Lakes, a 49-bed hospital.

Assessing associations between individual-level social determinants of health and COVID-19 hospitalizations: Investigating racial/ethnic disparities among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the U.S. National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C).

Background: Leveraging the National COVID-19 Cohort Collaborative (N3C), a nationally sampled electronic health records repository, we explored associations between individual-level social determinants of health (SDoH) and COVID-19-related hospitalizations among racialized minority people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH), who have been historically adversely affected by SDoH.

Methods: We retrospectively studied PWH and people without HIV (PWoH) using N3C data from January 2020 to November 2023. We evaluated SDoH variables across three domains in the Healthy People 2030 framework: (1) healthcare access, (2) economic stability, and (3) social cohesion with our primary outcome, COVID-19-related hospitalization.

Youth and young adult knowledge of and access to opioid harm reduction policies and interventions in North Carolina.

Introduction: From 2019-2021, overdose deaths among youth and young adults ages 10-19 years of age residing in the United States increased by 109 %. We sought to examine the extent to which youth and young adults who have experience with substance use are aware of the harm reduction policies and interventions, including the statewide Good Samaritan Law (GSL), naloxone, and fentanyl test strips, and have access to naloxone and fentanyl test strips.

Methods: From December 2022 to February 2023, we conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey of individuals ages 12-25 years who resided in North Carolina (NC) (N=15,000).

Secondary Traumatic Stress in Nursing Students: An Integrative Review.

Background: Nurses have frequent interactions with traumatized individuals and may develop secondary traumatic stress (STS). Similarly, nursing students are at risk for STS development while completing clinical training.

Purpose: To critique and synthesize available research on the prevalence, severity, and experience of STS and its associated factors in prelicensure nursing students.

A content analysis of cannabis edibles package marketing in the United States.

Background: With states legalizing cannabis at a rapid pace, and the increasing popularity of edibles, it is important to document marketing practices to better understand how they might be appealing and misleading to consumers to guide state policymakers.

Methods: A descriptive content analysis of 1229 cannabis edible packages advertised on a publicly available website between June and November 2022 and available for sale in licensed dispensaries was performed.

Results: Healthy ingredient descriptors were the most common type of descriptor with 31 % of packages including words like "vegan", "gluten free" and "natural".

Preventing tuberculosis with community-based care in an HIV-endemic setting: a modelling analysis.

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) both prevent tuberculosis (TB) disease and deaths among people living with HIV. Differentiated care models, including community-based care, can increase the uptake of ART and TPT to prevent TB in settings with a high burden of HIV-associated TB, particularly among men.

Methods: We developed a gender-stratified dynamic model of TB and HIV transmission and disease progression among 100,000 adults ages 15-59 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Health Messaging Strategies for Vaping Prevention and Cessation Among Youth and Young Adults: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review evaluates health messaging strategies for the prevention and cessation of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults. Health messaging strategies were defined as the strategic process of developing messages with the intent to shape, reinforce, or change recipients' health attitudes and behaviors. McGuire's Communication/Persuasion Model guided the analysis of the messaging strategies, focusing on the model's five communication inputs (i.

Identifying Adolescent Vaping With Screening to Brief Intervention and Brief Screener for Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drugs Screening Tools.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether the modified Screening to Brief Intervention (S2BI) and Brief Screener for Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drugs (BSTAD) that included e-cigarettes/vaping as examples could identify all nicotine and cannabis use or whether additional questions specifically about vaping are needed.

Methods: Between July 2020 and February 2022, adolescents recruited from primary care or an outpatient adolescent substance use disorder program were randomized to complete S2BI or BSTAD followed by specific questions about vaping. Screen questions were updated to include "vaping" in the parenthetical examples of nicotine and cannabis use.

Modeled estimates of HIV-serodifferent couples in tuberculosis-affected households in four sub-Saharan African countries.

Household-based tuberculosis (TB) contact evaluation may be an efficient strategy to reach people who could benefit from oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) because of the epidemiological links between HIV and TB. This study estimated the number of HIV serodifferent couples in TB-affected households and potential HIV acquisitions averted through their PrEP use in 4 TB-HIV high-burden countries. We conducted a model-based analysis set in Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda using parameters from population-based household surveys, systematic literature review and meta-analyses, and estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019.

The effect of potassium on aluminous phase stability in the lower mantle.

Unlabelled: The aluminous calcium-ferrite type phase (CF) and new aluminous phase (NAL) are thought to hold the excess alumina produced by the decomposition of garnet in MORB compositions in the lower mantle. The respective stabilities of CF and NAL in the nepheline-spinel binary (NaAlSiO-MgAlO) are well established. However with the addition of further components the phase relations at lower mantle conditions remain unclear.

Clinical Faculty Orientation Practices in the United States: A Descriptive Study.

Background: Due to the nursing faculty shortage, expert clinical nurses are working as novice clinical instructors (CIs). Orientation is needed to prepare these nurses to teach; however, lack of evidence-based guidelines for orientation programs can lead to variability among institutions.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe clinical nursing faculty orientation practices in the United States.

Achieving Public Health Impact: Health Communication Research to Inform Tobacco Regulatory Science.

Health communication research applies communication science to develop generalizable knowledge capable of improving the health and well-being of individuals and communities. But to what extent does the knowledge generated by the health communication field actually achieve public health impact? To answer this question, we discuss the application of health communication science and research within a tobacco regulatory science framework. We describe three areas in which health communication research funded by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) contributed to 1) youth tobacco prevention campaigns, 2) cigarette health warnings, and 3) regulation of labeling, advertising, and marketing claims.

Ionic strength alters crosslinker-driven self-organization of microtubules.

The microtubule cytoskeleton is a major structural element inside cells that directs self-organization using microtubule-associated proteins and motors. It has been shown that finite-sized, spindle-like microtubule organizations, called "tactoids," can form in vitro spontaneously from mixtures of tubulin and the antiparallel crosslinker, MAP65, from the MAP65/PRC1/Ase family. Here, we probe the ability of MAP65 to form tactoids as a function of the ionic strength of the buffer to attempt to break the electrostatic interactions binding MAP65 to microtubules and inter-MAP65 binding.

Impact of Vaccination and Nonpharmaceutical Interventions With Possible COVID-19 Viral Evolutions Using an Agent-Based Simulation.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic continues with highly contagious variants and waning immunity. As the virus keeps evolving to be more infectious and immune evasive, some question whether the COVID-19 pandemic can be managed through sustainable public health measures.

Methods: We developed an agent-based simulation to explore the impact of COVID-19 mutations, periodic vaccinations, and nonpharmaceutical interventions on reducing COVID-19 deaths.