The power of friends in reducing sexual assault risk in college women: A preliminary test of dyad-based motivational intervention approach.

Objective: Sexual assault (SA) is unfortunately common in U.S. college campuses.

Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach.

Background And Aims: Tropical forests exchange more carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere than any other terrestrial biome. Yet, uncertainty in the projected carbon balance over the next century is roughly three-times greater for the tropics than other ecosystems. Our limited knowledge of tropical plant physiological responses, including photosynthetic, to climate change is a substantial source of uncertainty in our ability to forecast the global terrestrial carbon sink.

Role of Momentary Alcohol Cognitions in Event-Level Relations Between PTSD Symptoms and Alcohol Outcomes: Le rôle des cognitions momentanées liées à l'alcool au niveau de l'événement entre les symptômes du TSPT et la consommation d'alcool.

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) commonly co-occur. Momentary alcohol cognitions may represent in-the-moment, modifiable risk factors to target in interventions for comorbid PTSD and AUD. However, the role of such cognitions in risk for problematic drinking as it emerges in response to individuals' fluctuating PTSD symptoms across their daily lives remains unknown.

Self-Protection in the Social Context: A Daily-Level Examination of Young Adult Women's Perceived Need for and Engagement in Sexual Assault Protective Behavioral Strategies.

Objective: Young adult women naturalistically engage in sexual assault protective behavioral strategies (SA-PBS) in an effort to reduce their risk of sexual assault. Despite well-documented sociocontextual risks for sexual assault, it remains largely unknown whether and how social contexts influence SA-PBS use. The present study characterized relations of women's alcohol use and interpersonal contexts with SA-PBS engagement across social events, framed according to Routine Activity Theory.

What Is the Role of Affective Cognition in Trauma and Posttraumatic-Stress-Disorder-Related Drinking? A Systematic Review.

Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (TR/PTSD) are implicated in deleterious alcohol outcomes, yet the processes that undergird these associations remain elusive. Affective (i.e.

Chronic Symptomatology Among Infants, Children, and Adolescents Within 12 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

. The objective of this public health surveillance project was to estimate the proportion of persons under the age of 18 years with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who developed chronic symptoms and to further characterize the symptoms and associated factors. .

Outpatient Infant Botulism in the United States, 1976-2021.

Objective: To characterize cases of outpatients with infant botulism (IB) in the US identified by the Infant Botulism Treatment and Prevention Program at the California Department of Public Health from 1976 through 2021.

Study Design: Outpatient IB cases were defined as patients presenting with an illness consistent with the known paralyzing action of botulinum neurotoxin and with laboratory confirmation. Outpatient cases were distinguished from the majority of patients with IB by the atypical fact that they did not require hospitalization throughout the course of their illness.

Social influences on alcohol outcome expectancy development from childhood to young adulthood: A narrative review.

Purpose Of Review: Alcohol outcome expectancies emerge in early childhood, develop throughout adolescence, and predict alcohol outcomes well into adulthood. Social factors shape how expectancies are learned in myriad ways, yet such social learning influences seldom are examined in the context of developmental factors. This review summarized literature on the social origins of alcohol expectancies through vicarious (observational) and experiential (direct) alcohol-related learning from childhood to young adulthood within a social learning framework.

Self-Compassion and Self-Forgiveness in Alcohol Risk, Treatment and Recovery: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Self-compassion and self-forgiveness are two self-focused, positive coping approaches that may reduce risk of problem drinking and/or aid in treatment/recovery from alcohol use disorder. The present systematic review aimed to evaluate support for the unique and complementary roles of self-compassion and self-forgiveness in alcohol outcomes.

Methods: A systematic literature search yielded 18 studies examining self-compassion, 18 studies examining self-forgiveness and 1 study examining both constructs in alcohol outcomes.

A lifestyle physical activity intervention for women in alcohol treatment: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Compared to men, women with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are more likely to drink to manage stress and negative affect. Given women's risk for poor drinking outcomes, it is critical to develop and test interventions that target these affective factors. Physical activity improves negative affect and has emerged as a promising adjunct to AUD treatment and, thus, may be especially valuable for women.

College Women's Perceptions of a Friend-Based Intervention to Prevent Alcohol-Involved Sexual Assault.

Sexual assault (SA), particularly alcohol-involved SA, remains prevalent among college women. Because SA often begins in social contexts, bystander intervention has become a popular approach to prevention. Bystander interventions train individuals to intervene on behalf of others, including strangers, despite research indicating that intervention is more likely to occur when the bystander has a relationship with the target.

The morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera): an atlas of scanning electron micrographs. Part 2. Structure of the mesosoma.

This is the second in a series of studies that aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) or fairyflies, a monophyletic family of small parasitic wasps postulated to be the sister group of all other Chalcidoidea. The external morphology of the mesosoma of about 6575 taxa, representing 5565% of the 115 currently valid described genera and subgenera, is described and illustrated with almost 269 scanning electron micrographs, including 77 micrographs of the dorsal, 71 micrographs of the lateral, 59 micrographs of the ventral, 53 micrographs of the anterior, and 9 micrographs of the posterior views of the mesosoma. Twenty annotated figures of the external and major internal structures are given.

Development and Initial Testing of a Brief, Integrated Intervention Aimed at Reducing Heavy Alcohol Use and PTSD among Military Veterans in Primary Care.

There is a need for integrated treatment approaches that address heavy alcohol use and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) concurrently among Veterans as interactions between heavy drinking and PTSD are frequent. Veteran engagement in specialty mental health services after referral is limited with poorer outcomes following empirically-supported, exposure-based PTSD treatments that do not explicitly address alcohol use. The current project aimed to incorporate two evidenced-based interventions: Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) with Prolonged Exposure for Primary Care (PE-PC) for Veterans with heavy drinking and PTSD.

Do Risk Factors for Incapacitated and Other Sexual Assault Differ for Black and White College Women? A Preliminary Investigation.

Heavy episodic drinking (HED) and hookups are risk factors for college women's sexual assault (SA). Black women engage in these behaviors less frequently than White women. We prospectively examined HED and hookups as mechanisms of incapacitated SA (ISA) and other SA (OSA) risks for Black and White first-year college women and sociocontextual factors that may contribute differentially to risk.

The morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera): an atlas of scanning electron micrographs. Part 1. General overview and structure of the head.

This is the first in a series of studies that aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera), a monophyletic family of small parasitic wasps that are postulated as the sister group of other Chalcidoidea. The external cranial morphology of 65-75 genera and subgenera of Mymaridae (fairyflies) is described and illustrated with almost 430 scanning electron micrographs, including 73 micrographs of the anterior, 68 of the posterior, 75 of the dorsal, 75 of the lateral, and 67 of the ventral views of the head, plus 71 micrographs of the ventral view of the mouthparts. Twenty-one annotated figures illustrate the terms used for morphological structures.

Utility of the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire to Identify College Students At-Risk for Alcohol Related Problems: Relative Operating Characteristics across Seven Countries.

: It is important to identify students who would benefit from early interventions to reduce harmful drinking patterns and associated consequences. the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (B-YAACQ) could be particularly useful as a screening tool in university settings. Objectives.

Prospective Pathways from Affect to Drug Outcomes: Refusal Self-Efficacy in the Context of Peer Influences.

Non-alcohol drug (NAD) use and its associated consequences remain a prevalent problem among young adults. Both positive and negative affect play etiological roles in NAD. The perception of one's ability to refuse a drug in different situations (drug refusal self-efficacy) could be an important mediator between such affect and NAD outcomes (use and consequences).

Effectiveness of Sexual Assault Protective Behaviors on the Daily Level: The Roles of Intoxication and Executive Control.

Young adult women engage in a variety of behaviors aimed at reducing their risk of sexual assault (SA), termed sexual assault protective behavioral strategies (SA-PBS), yet the evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of SA-PBS in reducing SA risk has been relatively sparse and inconclusive. The current study examined the use of SA-PBS, the factor structure of a diverse array of SA-PBS, and their association with the occurrence of SA. The influence of state- and trait-level moderators on the association between SA-PBS and SA events was also examined.

Efficacy of a novel online integrated treatment for problem gambling and tobacco smoking: Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Problem gambling and tobacco use are highly comorbid among adults. However, there are few treatment frameworks that target both gambling and tobacco use simultaneously (i.e.

Friends-Based Protective Strategies and Unwanted Sexual Experiences: A Daily Diary Examination of First Year College Women.

Risk for unwanted sexual experiences can emerge in social contexts-the same contexts that early college women navigate with their friends. Though friends naturally engage in prevention strategies, less is known about how capable guardianship influences risk. Using multilevel structural equation modeling, the present study examined guardianship at the person- and situation-level.