Teaching Undergraduate Medical Students Non-Technical Skills: An Evaluation Study of a Simulated Ward Experience.

Purpose: Research suggests that medical students in the UK report a need to be better prepared for the non-technical skills required for the role of a junior doctor. A Simulated Ward Experience was developed in an attempt to address this need. The purpose of this study was (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of the Simulated Ward Experiences by examining students' reactions regarding the quality of teaching and (2) to examine the main drivers of learning and the extent to which students felt it helped them prepare for their future training.

Breast Core Biopsy Information and Consent: Do we Prepare or do we Scare?

Informed consent has important ethical considerations for invasive procedures. Anecdotal evidence suggests an informed consent policy could heighten anxiety. We evaluated whether detailed information about breast biopsy prior to appointment negatively impacted patient experiences.

Retrospective assessment of clonality of a legacy cell line by analytical subcloning of the master cell bank.

In recent years, assurance of clonality of the production cell line has been emphasized by health authorities during review of regulatory submissions. When insufficient assurance of clonality is provided, augmented control strategies may be required for a commercial production process. In this study, we conducted a retrospective assessment of clonality of a legacy cell line through analysis of subclones from the master cell bank (MCB).

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in the setting of recent gynecologic surgery: A case report.

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute, toxin-mediated disease process which is commonly caused by or . A high level of clinical suspicion is imperative, with prompt antibiotic therapy with a penicillinase-resistant penicillin (vancomycin in areas with increased methicillin-resistant ) and clindamycin, given the high morbidity and mortality. Here, a case is reported of streptococcal-mediated TSS in a 37-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis, four days after a laparoscopic cystectomy; an intrauterine device (IUD) was left in situ at the time of uterine manipulation and not removed until hospital day 3 of the patient's readmission.

Twelve Tips for running in-situ simulation during a Coronavirus pandemic.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The arrival of the coronavirus pandemic has caused massive disruption to medical education, with universities having to close and adopt new ways of teaching, ensuring social distancing as standard.

Streamlining process characterization efforts using the high throughput ambr® crossflow system for ultrafiltration and diafiltration processing of monoclonal antibodies.

Commercial process development for biopharmaceuticals often involves process characterization (PC) studies to gain process knowledge and understanding in preparation for process validation. One common approach to conduct PC activities is by using design-of-experiment, which can help determine the impact process parameter deviations may have on product quality attributes. Qualified scale-down systems are typically used to conduct these studies.

Highland games: A benchmarking exercise in predicting biophysical and drug properties of monoclonal antibodies from amino acid sequences.

Biopharmaceutical product and process development do not yet take advantage of predictive computational modeling to nearly the degree seen in industries based on smaller molecules. To assess and advance progress in this area, spirited coopetition (mutually beneficial collaboration between competitors) was successfully used to motivate industrial scientists to develop, share, and compare data and methods which would normally have remained confidential. The first "Highland Games" competition was held in conjunction with the October 2018 Recovery of Biological Products Conference in Ashville, NC, with the goal of benchmarking and assessment of the ability to predict development-related properties of six antibodies from their amino acid sequences alone.

High throughput screening of ultrafiltration and diafiltration processing of monoclonal antibodies via the ambr® crossflow system.

As the biopharmaceutical industry moves toward high concentration of monoclonal antibody drug substance, additional development is required early on when material is still limited. A key constraint is the availability of predictive high-throughput low-volume filtration screening systems for bioprocess development. This particularly impacts final stages such as ultrafiltration/diafiltration steps where traditional scale-down systems need hundreds of milliliters of material per run.

Scale-down model qualification of ambr® 250 high-throughput mini-bioreactor system for two commercial-scale mAb processes.

Recent advances in high-throughput (HTP) automated mini-bioreactor systems have significantly improved development timelines for early-stage biologic programs. Automated platforms such as the ambr® 250 have demonstrated the ability, using appropriate scale-down approaches, to provide reliable estimates of process performance and product quality from bench to pilot scale, but data sets comparing to large-scale commercial processes (>10,000 L) are limited. As development moves toward late stages, specifically process characterization (PC), a qualified scale-down model (SDM) of the commercial process is a regulatory requirement as part of Biologics License Application (BLA)-enabling activities.

Prediction of lab and manufacturing scale chromatography performance using mini-columns and mechanistic modeling.

Chromatography is a cornerstone of biologics downstream purification processes, and there is an ever increasing demand for improved speed and efficiency in process development. Scale-down models are used in process development to optimize operating conditions and study process robustness while expending as little time and material as possible. The advent of automated liquid handling systems and miniature columns has taken the efficiency of process development to another level by allowing up to eight column runs in parallel with column volumes under 1 ml.

An ultra scale-down method to investigate monoclonal antibody processing during tangential flow filtration using ultrafiltration membranes.

The availability of material for experimental studies is a key constraint in the development of full-scale bioprocesses. This is especially true for the later stages in a bioprocess sequence such as purification and formulation, where the product is at a relatively high concentration and traditional scale-down models can require significant volumes. Using a combination of critical flow regime analysis, bioprocess modelling, and experimentation, ultra scale-down (USD) methods can yield bioprocess information using only millilitre quantities before embarking on highly demanding full-scale studies.

Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancers from Four Different Ethnicities.

Introduction: Breast cancer outcomes vary across different ethnic groups. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression across a range of pathologies, including breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and expression of miRs in breast cancer samples from different ethnic groups.

High-dose versus standard-dose amoxicillin/clavulanate for clinically-diagnosed acute bacterial sinusitis: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The recommended treatment for acute bacterial sinusitis in adults, amoxicillin with clavulanate, provides only modest benefit.

Objective: To see if a higher dose of amoxicillin will lead to more rapid improvement.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Double-blind randomized trial in which, from November 2014 through February 2017, we enrolled 315 adult outpatients diagnosed with acute sinusitis in accordance with Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines.

High throughput chromatography strategies for potential use in the formal process characterization of a monoclonal antibody.

High throughput experimental strategies are central to the rapid optimization of biologics purification processes. In this work, we extend common high throughput technologies towards the characterization of a multi-column chromatography process for a monoclonal antibody (mAb). Scale-down strategies were first evaluated by comparing breakthrough, retention, and performance (yields and clearance of aggregates and host cell protein) across miniature and lab scale columns.

Scholarly productivity for nursing clinical track faculty.

Recent years have yielded substantial advancement by clinical track faculty in cohort expansion and collective contributions to the discipline of nursing. As a result, standards for progression and promotion for clinical faculty need to be more fully developed, articulated, and disseminated. Our school formed a task force to examine benchmarks for the progression and promotion of clinical faculty across schools of nursing, with the goal of guiding faculty, reviewers, and decision makers about what constitutes excellence in scholarly productivity.

A practical strategy for using miniature chromatography columns in a standardized high-throughput workflow for purification development of monoclonal antibodies.

The emergence of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies has created a need for faster and more efficient bioprocess development strategies in order to meet timeline and material demands. In this work, a high-throughput process development (HTPD) strategy implementing several high-throughput chromatography purification techniques is described. Namely, batch incubations are used to scout feasible operating conditions, miniature columns are then used to determine separation of impurities, and, finally, a limited number of lab scale columns are tested to confirm the conditions identified using high-throughput techniques and to provide a path toward large scale processing.

The value of archival tissue blocks in understanding breast cancer biology.

Pathological reporting of breast cancer has evolved alongside scientific advances. Such advances have led to recognition of different molecular classes of breast cancer resulting in improved disease management. The aim of this study was to establish whether these advances could be applied to archival breast cancer cases dating from the 1940s to assess historical trends.

[The concept of equity when developing clinical practice guidelines].

This systematic literature review sought to identify methodologies and technical strategies emphasising healthcare services and outcomes when incorporating the concept of equity into Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG). 940 references were identified, of which 20 fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected. While no reports were found describing or evaluating an explicit methodology for incorporating considerations of equity into CPG, some studies revealed related strategies or processes, summarised as follows: 1.

Expanding a professional dental care system: experiences of Task Force 261 Multifunctional Medical Battalion during Operation Iraqi Freedom 07-09.

During Operation Iraqi Freedom 07-09, Task Force 261 Multifunctional Medical Battalion managed an extensive dental care system stretching throughout the Iraq theater of operations. We illustrate several of the unique challenges faced by Task Force 261's headquarters and its dental and area support companies, and describe the remedies emplaced by the Task Force. Personnel structure, the evacuation chain, supply and facility management, dental civil-military operations, detainee care, information technology applications, and public health initiatives are discussed in detail.

Solvent effects on interfacial electron transfer from Ru(4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine)2(NCS)2 to nanoparticulate TiO2: spectroscopy and solar photoconversion.

Resonance Raman spectra are reported for Ru(4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine)2(NCS)2 (commonly called "N3") in ethanol solution and adsorbed on nanoparticulate colloidal TiO2 in ethanol (EtOH) and in acetonitrile (ACN), at wavelengths within the visible absorption band of the dye. Raman cross sections of free N3 in EtOH are found to be similar to those of N3 adsorbed on colloidal TiO2 in EtOH, and are generally lower than those of N3 on TiO2 in ACN. Strong electronic coupling mediated by surface states results in red-shifted absorption spectra and enhanced Raman signals for N3 adsorbed on nanocolloidal TiO2 in ACN compared to EtOH.

Counterion-dependent excitonic spectra of tetra(p-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin aggregates in acidic aqueous solution.

Aggregates of the diacid form of tetra(p-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) are found to be stabilized in aqueous solution at low pH in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol). At pH values in the range from about 1 to 4, a split Soret band is observed which is independent of counterion and tentatively assigned to a dimer species. As the pH is made lower than 1, the spectra evolve to reveal the presence of porphyrin aggregates.