Publications by authors named "Jennifer Ose"
Article Synopsis
- Cachexia, a condition linked to cancer and associated with a poor prognosis, accounts for about 20% of cancer-related deaths, yet the connection between Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) and cachexia in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear.
- In a study involving 87 CRC patients, researchers found that high levels of Fn in pre-surgical stool samples significantly increased the risk of developing cachexia six months after surgery.
- These results are the first to connect Fn abundance with cachexia in CRC, highlighting potential biological mechanisms and treatment avenues; however, the study's small sample size calls for more research to confirm these findings.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists studied if drinking alcohol and smoking could affect how patients with colon cancer do after their diagnosis.
- They looked at 2,216 patients and checked if their drinking or smoking habits had any impact on getting sicker or dying from colon cancer during about 3 years of follow-up.
- The study found that drinking or smoking didn’t seem to affect their chances of getting worse with colon cancer, but it’s still important for survivors to avoid these habits to stay healthy overall.
Article Synopsis
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern, and understanding how genetic and environmental factors interact can help identify at-risk groups.
- This study analyzed data from over 45,000 CRC cases to assess both multiplicative and additive interactions between genetic risk scores and various environmental factors, finding no multiplicative interactions but significant additive ones for high genetic susceptibility individuals.
- Results suggest that individuals with high genetic risk could benefit more from lifestyle interventions like reducing alcohol intake or increasing fruit and fiber consumption, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies in CRC care.
Alterations within the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway have been linked to the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the relevance of this pathway for prognostic outcomes in CRC patients needs further elucidation. Therefore, we investigated associations between circulating concentrations of tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites and all-cause mortality among CRC patients. This study utilizes data from 2102 stage I-III CRC patients participating in six prospective cohorts involved in the international FOCUS Consortium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A National Analysis.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
December 2024
Background: Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative overlap syndromes (MDS/MPN) are rare blood cancers characterized by concomitant myeloid hyperplasia and dysplasia. These heterogenous disorders include chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML).
Methods: Using two large national cancer databases to examine a total of 15,704 CMML and 702 aCML patients, we report the largest study to date on the incidence, survival and demographic characteristics of CMML and aCML in the United States.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers analyzed data from 52 studies, including nearly 31,000 CRC cases and over 41,000 controls, to explore the genetic interactions with regular aspirin/NSAID use.
- * They found significant interactions with genetic variants in two specific regions (6q24.1 and 5p13.1), which could help uncover new targets for understanding how aspirin provides its protective effects against colorectal cancer.
Article Synopsis
- Consumption of fiber, fruits, and vegetables may lower the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but genetic factors might influence this connection.
- A large study involving nearly 70,000 participants identified two significant genetic variants linked to dietary intake and CRC risk using advanced statistical methods.
- The findings suggest specific genetic loci (SLC26A3 and NEGR1) may affect how fiber and fruit consumption interacts with CRC risk, highlighting the need for more research on the underlying mechanisms.
Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality are increasing among young adults (YAs) aged 18-39. This study compared quality of life (QOL) between YA and older adult CRC survivors in the ColoCare Study.
Methods: Participants were grouped by age (years) as follows: 18-39 (YA), 40-49, 50-64, and 65 + .
Article Synopsis
- Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) may lower the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), especially in women with a higher genetic predisposition to the disease.
- In a study of nearly 30,000 postmenopausal women, those in the highest genetic risk quartile saw a significantly greater reduction in CRC risk when using MHT compared to those in the lowest quartile.
- The findings suggest that integrating genetic risk information could improve CRC risk predictions and inform the assessment of MHT benefits in postmenopausal women.
Loneliness may exacerbate poor health outcomes particularly among cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about the risk factors of loneliness among cancer survivors. We evaluated the risk factors of loneliness in the context of COVID-19 pandemic-related prevention behaviors and lifestyle/psychosocial factors among cancer survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors often experience neuropsychological symptoms, including anxiety and depression. Mounting evidence suggests a role for the kynurenine pathway in these symptoms due to potential neuroprotective and neurotoxic roles of involved metabolites. However, evidence remains inconclusive and insufficient in cancer survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Risk factors for cancer-related fatigue are understudied in colorectal cancer.
Purpose: This study aimed to address this critical gap in the literature by (a) describing changes in colorectal cancer-related fatigue and health behavior (physical activity, sleep problems) and (b) examining if physical activity and sleep problems predict fatigue trajectories from baseline (approximately at the time of diagnosis), to 6- and 12 months after enrollment.
Methods: Patients participating in the international ColoCare Study completed self-report measures at baseline (approximately time of diagnosis), 6-, and 12 months assessing physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and fatigue and sleep using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30).
Genome-Wide Gene-Environment Interaction Analyses to Understand the Relationship between Red Meat and Processed Meat Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
March 2024
Article Synopsis
- High consumption of red and processed meats is linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer, with a study analyzing data from over 29,000 cancer cases and 39,000 control subjects confirming this association.
- The research identified two significant genetic markers (SNPs) that interact with meat consumption levels, suggesting that certain genetic variants can influence individual cancer risk based on dietary habits.
- These findings highlight the potential for using genetic information to better understand colorectal cancer risks related to diet, which may lead to personalized dietary recommendations for specific population subgroups.
Aim: This study sought to identify groups of colorectal cancer patients based upon trajectories of fatigue and examine how demographic, clinical and behavioural risk factors differentiate these groups.
Method: Patients were from six cancer centres in the United States and Germany. Fatigue was measured using the fatigue subscale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) at five time points (baseline/enrolment and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis).
Article Synopsis
- A study is exploring how genetic variations might influence the relationship between folate intake and colorectal cancer risk, focusing on specific genetic interactions.
- The research analyzed data from over 30,000 colorectal cancer cases and 42,000 controls, examining the effects of dietary folate and folic acid supplements.
- Results indicated that while higher folate intake is generally linked to lower CRC risk, certain genetic variants (like rs150924902) can modify this effect, with some genotypes showing increased risk with folate supplementation.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous disease. No studies have prospectively examined associations of blood metabolite concentrations with all-cause mortality in patients with colon and rectal cancer separately. Targeted metabolomics (Biocrates Absolute p180) and pathway analyses (MetaboAnalyst 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Diabetes is linked to a higher risk of colorectal cancer, but the mechanisms behind this link and the influence of genetic variants need further exploration.!* -
- Researchers conducted a genome-wide analysis using data from over 31,000 colorectal cancer cases and nearly 41,500 controls to investigate gene-environment interactions involving genetics and diabetes.!* -
- Findings revealed that specific genes on chromosomes 8q24.11 (SLC30A8) and 13q14.13 (LRCH1) may affect how diabetes increases colorectal cancer risk, highlighting potential biological pathways related to insulin signaling and immune functions.!*
Elevated EVL Methylation Level in the Normal Colon Mucosa Is a Potential Risk Biomarker for Developing Recurrent Adenomas.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
September 2023
Background: Individuals with adenomatous colorectal polyps undergo repeated colonoscopy surveillance to identify and remove metachronous adenomas. However, many patients with adenomas do not develop recurrent adenomas. Better methods to evaluate who benefits from increased surveillance are needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This study explores how genetics and body mass index (BMI) interact to influence colorectal cancer risk, analyzing data from over 84,000 participants.
- The research identifies a significant genetic marker (rs58349661) in the FMN1/GREM1 gene region that shows a strong connection with increased cancer risk in individuals with higher BMI, particularly among those with a specific genotype.
- Findings suggest that understanding this gene-environment interaction could help develop more tailored prevention strategies for colorectal cancer related to obesity.
Background: Physical activity and BMI have been individually associated with cancer survivorship but have not yet been studied in combinations in colorectal cancer patients. Here, we investigate individual and combined associations of physical activity and BMI groups with colorectal cancer survival outcomes.
Methods: Self-reported physical activity levels (MET hrs/wk) were assessed using an adapted version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) at baseline in 931 patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer and classified into 'highly active' and'not-highly active'(≥ / < 18 MET hrs/wk).
Purpose: Employment and financial hardships are common issues for working-age colorectal cancer patients. We surveyed colorectal cancer survivors to investigate employment, insurance, and financial outcomes by age at diagnosis.
Methods: Cross-sectional survey of six ColoCare Study sites regarding employment, insurance, and financial hardship outcomes.
Background: Patients with colorectal cancer commonly suffer from complex psychological distress. Elevated distress may be linked to systemic biomarkers. We investigated associations of biomarkers of inflammation and angiogenesis with cancer-related distress (CTXD) score.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome-wide Interaction Study with Smoking for Colorectal Cancer Risk Identifies Novel Genetic Loci Related to Tumor Suppression, Inflammation, and Immune Response.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
March 2023
Article Synopsis
- Tobacco smoking increases the risk of colorectal cancer, and certain genetic profiles may heighten this risk further.
- A study involving over 33,000 colorectal cancer cases and nearly 44,000 controls identified specific genetic loci (on chromosomes 3p12.1, 6p21.33, and 8q24.23) that interact with smoking behaviors, potentially leading to a greater risk of developing the disease.
- The research suggests that higher expression of specific genes is associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer, emphasizing the role of these genetic factors in smoking-related cancer susceptibility and potential avenues for prevention.
Purpose: The overarching goal of the FOCUS (biomarkers related to folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism in colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence and survival) Consortium is to unravel the effect of folate and folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) biomarkers on CRC prognosis to provide clinically relevant advice on folate intake to cancer patients and define future tertiary prevention strategies.
Participants: The FOCUS Consortium is an international, prospective cohort of 2401 women and men above 18 years of age who were diagnosed with a primary invasive non-metastatic (stages I-III) CRC. The consortium comprises patients from Austria, two sites from the Netherlands, Germany and two sites from the USA.