Delirium: Where Are We Now?

Delirium has long been recognized within the adult intensive care world, but it is only within the past decade that its presence and prevalence in the context of pediatric intensive care has been studied. There is now a greater understanding of risk factors for delirium, a better selection of methods to recognize it, and treatment specifically directed to pediatric patients. An understanding of delirium is also relevant to pediatricians practicing outside of the intensive care unit, as delirium can present in other care environments, where it remains under-recognized.

Dual orientation of the outer membrane lipoprotein P6 of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae.

The majority of outer membrane (OM) lipoproteins in Gram-negative bacteria are tethered to the membrane via an attached lipid moiety and oriented facing in toward the periplasmic space; a few lipoproteins have been shown to be surface exposed. The outer membrane lipoprotein P6 from the Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is surface exposed and a leading vaccine candidate for prevention of NTHi infections. However, we recently found that P6 is not a transmembrane protein as previously thought (L.