Patterns, clusters, and transitions in U.S. state ENDS policy implementation: 2010-2020.

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e-cigarettes, have become increasingly used across the world. To respond to global public health challenges associated with vaping, governments have implemented numerous ENDS policies. This research highlights the patterns, clustering, and transitions in U.

John Schulenberg as a developmental scholar and mentor: Personal reflections.

John Schulenberg has had significant impact on developmental science. His conceptual writing and empirical research, grounded in developmental contextualism, emphasized the critical role that developmental transitions play in shaping health risks, especially substance use, across the life course. Schulenberg's integration of developmental concepts with large-scale epidemiological studies, particularly through his leadership in the Monitoring the Future study, provides key insights into how significant life changes-such as school transitions, employment, and relationships-interact to influence well-being across adolescence and early adulthood.

Sibling socialization of alcohol use during adolescence: An integrated model of sibling influence processes.

Background And Aims: Research demonstrates that siblings, especially older siblings, make unique contributions to adolescents' substance use above and beyond shared genetics and shared parenting. Older siblings' influences on younger adolescent siblings' alcohol use operate through both direct and indirect pathways. Using three waves of longitudinal data, the present study tested an integrated model of sibling influence processes focused on the linkages between older adolescent siblings' earlier alcohol use and younger adolescent siblings' later alcohol use.

Sibling disclosure and adolescents' coping from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study.

The extraordinary disruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic created a unique context to investigate the links between family communication and adolescent adjustment. Given that widespread stay-at-home orders increased time spent in the family setting, the present study examined reciprocal links between older and younger adolescent siblings' disclosure toward each other and concurrent and prospective links between those disclosures and their own and their siblings' coping from before to during the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were two adolescent-aged siblings (older siblings: 51% female, = 15.

Risk Factors for E-Cigarette Ban Relaxation in Homes With Adolescents.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for relaxing a strict e-cigarette ban in households with adolescents.

Methods: Youth (ages 12-17) in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study whose parents held a strict vaping ban in 2016 (n = 6,514; 51.5% male) and their parents provided follow-up data on up to four occasions through 2020 on whether the ban was relaxed.

Direct and Indirect Effects of Maternal and Sibling Intimacy on Adolescents' Volunteering via Social Responsibility Values: A Longitudinal Study.

This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of maternal and sibling relational intimacy on adolescents' volunteering behaviors via their social responsibility values. Participants included two adolescents (50% female; age = 14 years) and one parent (85% female; age = 45 years) from 682 families ( = 2,046) from an ongoing longitudinal study. Adolescents self-reported their intimacy with mothers and siblings (Time 1), social responsibility values (Time 1), and volunteering (Times 1 and 2); parents reported on sociodemographic characteristics (i.

Developmental trajectories of child and adolescent emotional problems: associations with early adult alcohol use behaviors.

Background: Whether emotional problems during childhood and adolescence are longitudinally associated with adult alcohol use behaviors is unclear. This study examined associations between developmental trajectories of emotional problems and early adult alcohol use behaviors, while considering co-occurring conduct problems, developmental change/timing, sex differences, and potential confounds.

Methods: Participants were from the Twins Early Development Study (analytic N = 19,908 individuals).

Comprehensive vaping bans are associated with lower odds of initiation into electronic nicotine delivery systems use among young people.

Background And Aims: E-cigarette and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use has grown considerably over the past decade, with notable increases among young people. US state policy contexts for ENDS and tobacco may shape initiation into ENDS use among adolescents as they age into early adulthood. We aimed to determine whether state-level comprehensive vaping ban policies reduce the odds of youth initiation into ENDS use, net of additional state-level ENDS and tobacco policies, as well as the youth's cigarette smoking status.

Negative consequences associated with daily alcohol use as a nonlinear function of number of drinks in a daily diary study.

Introduction: Drinking intensity among young adults is associated with greater negative alcohol-related consequences, but often studied using categorical drinking thresholds. This study examined how alcohol-related consequences varied as a continuous function of number of drinks consumed, without imposing thresholds, to identify drink ranges for which risk is greatest.

Methods: Analyses included daily surveys from the Young Adult Daily Life study (2019-22) in which individuals reported drinking 1 or more alcoholic drinks (n=5219 days; 832 individuals).

Pubertal development at age 14 is associated with male adolescents' combustible cigarette smoking and dual use, but not with e-cigarette use - Findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: Adolescent nicotine exposure via electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is a global health concern. Pubertal development earlier than peers increases the risk of tobacco smoking compared to peers experiencing on-time or late maturation, yet relationships of pubertal timing with e-cigarettes are unknown. We examine whether early pubertal timing is associated with risk for e-cigarette use, tobacco cigarettes, or both by age 14.

Household vaping bans and youth e-cigarette use.

Aims: The aims of this study were to measure whether household bans on vaping were associated with lower odds of youth past-month vaping when compared with (1) otherwise similar youth whose households did not have a vaping ban (using coarsened exact matching); and (2) themselves in waves when their household did not have a ban (using hybrid panel models). We used the same analytical strategies to examine cross-sectional associations between household smoking bans and adolescents' past-month cigarette smoking.

Design: This was a longitudinal study using data from a nationally representative sample of youth (age 12-17 years) in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

Familial Predictors of Alcohol and Drug Use-Related Problems Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

This study evaluated whether recent family member alcohol and substance use problems (ASP) and density of family ASP (i.e., number of members with ASP) predict alcohol-related problems and drug use-related problems among middle-aged and older adults.

Tobacco Policy and ENDS Policy Influences on Adolescent Vaping Across the U.S. States.

Introduction: Although the use of tobacco has declined among youth, ENDS has the potential to disrupt or reverse these trends. Policies for tobacco and ENDS may have an impact on adolescent ENDS use. The impacts of state-level policies were examined for both tobacco and ENDS indoor use bans, excise taxes, and age-of-purchase laws on past-month adolescent ENDS use from 2013 to 2019.

E-cigarette use among early adolescent tobacco cigarette smokers: testing the disruption and entrenchment hypotheses in two longitudinal cohorts.

Objective: Using longitudinal data from two large-scale cohorts in the UK and USA, we examine whether e-cigarette use steers adolescent early smokers away from tobacco cigarettes (disruption hypothesis) or deepens early patterns of tobacco smoking (entrenchment hypothesis) in comparison with early smokers who do not use e-cigarettes.

Methods: Youth who smoked tobacco cigarettes by early adolescence (before age 15) were selected from the ongoing UK Millennium Cohort Study (n=1090) and the US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (n=803) study. In regression models, the focal predictor was lifetime use of an e-cigarette by early adolescence and the primary outcome was current tobacco use by late adolescence (before age 18).

Pregame Heavy Episodic Drinking and Its Association With Negative Consequences and Other Risky Substance Use Behaviors.

Objective: Pregaming, or drinking before going out, is common among college students and has been linked with greater alcohol use and experiencing more negative consequences. This study tested within- and between-person associations between pregame heavy episodic drinking (Pregame HED; 4+/5+ drinks for women/men while pregaming) and high-intensity drinking (8+/10+ drinks), negative consequences, and three risky behaviors.

Method: College students at a large, public university in the Northeast United States who participated in a longitudinal measurement-burst design study completed a longer survey and up to 14 daily surveys in up to four consecutive semesters ( days = 4,706; persons = 547).

Intersectional stigma subgroup differences in unhealthy drinking and disordered marijuana use among Black and Latino cisgender sexual minority young men.

Background: We investigated associations of intersectional stigma subgroups with alcohol and marijuana use among Black and Latino sexual minority young men. Subgroups included Minimal Stigma (low to no stigma), Select Social Stigma (occasional stigma in social relationships), Multiform Heterosexism (internalized and interpersonal heterosexism from family/friends), Multiform Racism (racism across diverse contexts), Compound Stigma (frequent, ubiquitous racism and heterosexism).

Methods: Cohort of Black and Latino cisgender sexual minority young men (n = 414; baseline ages 16-25) surveyed semiannually 2016-2019.

Associations between older siblings' substance use and younger siblings' substance use intentions: Indirect effects via substance use expectations.

Objective: We examined the direct and indirect effects of older siblings' substance use behaviors (i.e., cannabis and e-cigarettes) on younger siblings' later substance use intentions via their substance use expectations.

Associations Between E-cigarettes and Subsequent Cocaine Use in Adolescence: An Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Introduction: Nicotine exposure via early combustible cigarette smoking can prime the adolescent brain for subsequent cocaine use. However, there is limited evidence whether e-cigarette use, a nicotine delivery system that is increasingly popular among youth, is associated with later cocaine use. We examine the association between e-cigarette use by the age of 14 years and cocaine use by the age of 17 years.

Personality and Alcohol Use across College: Examining Context-Dependent Pathways toward Alcohol Problems.

Background: College life is characterized by marked increases in alcohol consumption. Extraversion and neuroticism are associated with alcohol use problems in college and throughout adulthood, each with alcohol use patterns consistent with an externalizing and internalizing pathway respectively. Students higher in extraversion drink more frequently and consume more alcohol, while neuroticism is paradoxically not consistently associated with elevated alcohol use.

Sibling influences on adolescent alcohol use during the spring 2020 COVID-19 pandemic shutdown.

Objective: To examine the bidirectional associations between adolescent siblings' alcohol use before and during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spring 2020 and whether youths' stress about missed social connections (i.e., social disruption stress) moderated these associations.

Fentanyl overdose concerns among people who inject drugs: The role of sex, racial minority status, and overdose prevention efforts.

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) have an elevated risk of fentanyl-related overdoses. This study explores fentanyl overdose concerns among PWID and the role of sex, racial minority status, and overdose prevention efforts in these concerns.

Method: Data were from 498 PWID from Baltimore City, MD, recruited using street-based outreach between 2016 and 2019.

35-Year-Old Parents Do Not Approve of 17-Year-Olds' Cigarette, Marijuana, or Alcohol Use: U.S. National Data 1993-2018.

Purpose: Parents' attitudes about adolescent substance use likely guide their parenting behaviors. This study documents prevalence of parents' disapproval of adolescent substance use and characteristics associated with disapproval.

Methods: Survey data from national samples of 35-year-old parents from the U.

Daily fluctuations in drinking intensity: Links with vaping and combustible use of nicotine and marijuana.

Background: Whether alcohol use intensity on a given day is linked with nicotine or marijuana use that same day is not well known, nor are links of drinking intensity with different modes of nicotine and marijuana use. This study examined these within-person links across 14 days in a national sample of young adults (YAs).

Methods: Past 30-day drinkers participating in the U.

Electronic cigarette use in adolescence is associated with later cannabis use.

Background: Research is needed to determine whether e-cigarette use during adolescence is associated with higher odds of subsequent cannabis use, net of tobacco cigarette use and childhood confounders.

Methods: Multivariable logistic regressions predicting using cannabis by age 17 based upon prospective, intergenerational data from 10,251 youth in a nationally representative UK birth cohort followed from infancy who had not used cannabis by age 14. The focal predictor is e-cigarette use by age 14 in the context of the potential confounder tobacco cigarette use.