Single-cell methods in myeloproliferative neoplasms: old questions, new technologies.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of clonal stem cell-derived hematopoietic malignancies driven by aberrant Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (JAK/STAT) signaling. Although these are genetically simple diseases, MPNs are phenotypically heterogeneous, reflecting underlying intratumoral heterogeneity driven by the interplay of genetic and nongenetic factors. Their evolution is determined by factors that enable certain cellular subsets to outcompete others.

The poor outcome in high molecular risk, hydroxycarbamide-resistant/intolerant ET is not ameliorated by ruxolitinib.

Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) patients at high-risk of thrombosis require cytoreductive treatment, typically with hydroxycarbamide. Many patients are resistant or intolerant to hydroxycarbamide (HC-RES/INT) and are at increased risk of disease progression. MAJIC-ET is a randomized phase 2 study comparing ruxolitinib (RUX) to best available therapy (BAT) in HC-RES/INT ET, which showed no difference between the two arms in rates of hematological response or disease progression.

Myelofibrosis: clinicopathologic features, prognosis, and management.

Myelofibrosis is one of the BCR-ABL-negative clonal disorders that collectively are known as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). It is caused by the proliferation of clonal hematopoietic stem cells, which over time leads to characteristic clinical features. The disease presentation is heterogeneous, however, with 30% of patients initially asymptomatic.

JAK-STAT signaling in the therapeutic landscape of myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of disorders defined by clonal proliferation of mature myeloid cells with overlapping clinical features. The driver mutations of these disorders, namely JAK2 (Janus Kinase), MPL (Myeloproliferative Leukaemia Virus) and CALR (Calreticulin) upregulate JAK-STAT signaling with increase in downstream transcription and gene expression. Epigenetic mutations are prevalent in MPNs but their interplay with aberrant JAK-STAT signaling is not known.