Final 192-Week Efficacy and Safety Results of the ADVANCE Trial, Comparing 3 First-line Antiretroviral Regimens.

Background: ADVANCE compared 3 World Health Organization-recommended first-line regimens in participants with HIV who were antiretroviral naive.

Methods: This randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial enrolled participants living with HIV with no antiretroviral exposure in the previous 6 months to 1 of the following arms: tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) / emtricitabine (FTC) + dolutegravir (DTG) (2 tablets), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) / FTC + DTG (2 tablets), or a fixed-dose combination of TDF / FTC / efavirenz (EFV) (1 tablet). We report the final safety and efficacy data up to 192 weeks.

Identifying sex-specific anthropometric measures and thresholds for dysglycemia screening in an HIV-endemic rural South African population.

Valid screening and diagnostic algorithms are needed to achieve 2030 targets proposed by the WHO's Global Diabetes Compact. We explored anthropometric thresholds to optimally screen and refer individuals for diabetes testing in rural South Africa. We evaluated screening thresholds for waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) to detect dysglycemia based on a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥6.

High Inpatient Health Care Utilization and Charges Associated With Injection Drug Use-Related Infections: A Cohort Study, 2012-2015.

Our study describes the characteristics of patients hospitalized with injection drug use-related infection over a multiyear period in a region highly impacted by the opioid epidemic. Intensive health care needs were common in this young cohort, including high rates of readmission, high hospitalization costs, and prolonged lengths of stay.

Clinical Decision Support for Ordering CTA-PE Studies in the Emergency Department-A Pilot on Feasibility and Clinical Impact in a Tertiary Medical Center.

Purpose: To determine the feasibility and impact of Clinical Decision Support for imaging ordering.

Methods: A survey of 231 emergency providers identified Computed tomography angiography (CTA)-Pulmonary embolism (PE) as an overutilized study. We developed an algorithm that combined established risk scores to stratify patients for PE work-up (recommendations: CTA, D-dimer or no further testing); the algorithm was integrated into the Epic Radiology Information Ordering System.

How universal is coverage and access to diagnosis and treatment for Chagas disease in Colombia? A health systems analysis.

Limited access to Chagas disease diagnosis and treatment is a major obstacle to reaching the 2020 World Health Organization milestones of delivering care to all infected and ill patients. Colombia has been identified as a health system in transition, reporting one of the highest levels of health insurance coverage in Latin America. We explore if and how this high level of coverage extends to those with Chagas disease, a traditionally marginalised population.