Energy, macro- and micronutrient intake among a true longitudinal group of South African adolescents at two interceptions (2000 and 2003): the Birth-to-Twenty (Bt20) Study.

Objective: This study reports on the energy, macro- and micronutrient intakes of a true longitudinal group of 143 urban black South African children from the Birth-to-Twenty (Bt20) study at two interceptions (2000 and 2003) when they were 10 and 13 years old, respectively.

Methods: Subjects resided in the urban Johannesburg/Soweto area of the Gauteng Province in South Africa. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire.

How well do adolescents determine portion sizes of foods and beverages?

In the present study, we examined how well adolescents (12-13 years) are able to select the correct dietary aid portion sizes after having been shown different food items. We also evaluated the effectiveness of two-dimensional life-size drawings and three-dimensional food models, used as dietary aids in this process. Fifty black children and 42 white children from Johannesburg participated in the study (N = 92).

Frequency of consumption of cariogenic food items by 4-month-old to 24-month-old children: comparison between two rural communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

The objective of the study was to compare the frequency of consumption of cariogenic food items among 4-month-old to 24-month-old children in two neighbouring rural areas in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa: Nyuswa/Embo (Area A) (n = 127) and Ndunakazi (Area B) (n = 105). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Mothers or caregivers were interviewed by a team of Zulu-speaking fieldworkers.

Caries and micronutrient intake among urban South African children: a cohort study.

Objective: To report on associations between caries and micronutrient intake among a 'true cohort' group of 5-year-old urban black South African children.

Methods: The study sample was a true cohort that had nutrition as well as dental information for 1991 and 1995 (n = 259). Micronutrient intake and dental caries associations were examined with SAS using the linear logistic analysis and a critical level of statistical significance of P < 0.

Urbanisation and cariogenic food habits among 4-24-month-old black South African children in rural and urban areas.

Objective: To determine if social class, education level and group environment (rural and urban) influence particular food habits commonly associated with dental caries incidence among 4-24-month-old black South African children.

Design, Setting And Subjects: Information was collected by trained interviewers using a food-frequency questionnaire from mothers of children in two areas in South Africa: Ndunakazi, a rural area in KwaZulu/Natal (n = 105) and two urban areas in Gauteng - Soweto (low to middle socio-economic area) (n = 100) and the northern suburbs of Johannesburg and Sandton (middle to upper socio-economic area) (n = 101). Education level and occupation of the parents, which define social class, were also recorded.