From CO to DME: Enhancement through Heteropoly Acids from a Catalyst Screening and Stability Study.

The direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) CO hydrogenation in a single step was studied using an improved class of bifunctional catalysts in a fixed bed reactor ( : 210-270 °C; 40 bar; gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) 19,800 NL kg h; ratio CO/H/N 3:9:2). The competitive bifunctional catalysts tested in here consist of a surface-basic copper/zinc oxide/zirconia (CZZ) methanol-producing part and a variable surface-acidic methanol dehydration part and were tested in overall 45 combinations. As dehydration catalysts, zeolites (ferrierite and β-zeolite), alumina, or zirconia were tested alone as well as with a coating of Keggin-type heteropoly acids (HPAs), i.

Predictive validity of demographically adjusted normative standards for the HIV Dementia Scale.

The aim of the current study was to develop and validate demographically adjusted normative standards for the HIV Dementia Scale (HDS). Given the association between demographic variables and the HDS summary score, demographically adjusted normative standards may enhance the classification accuracy of the HDS. Demographically adjusted normative standards were derived from a sample of 182 seronegative healthy participants and were subsequently applied to a sample of 135 HIV-1 seropositive individuals with multidisciplinary case conference diagnoses of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (e.

Culture and teasing: the relational benefits of reduced desire for positive self-differentiation.

The authors hypothesized that teasing, a social interaction that benefits relational bonds at the expense of the self, should be viewed as more affiliative, and experienced as more pleasurable, by members of cultures that deemphasize positive self-differentiation. In four multimethod studies, Asian Americans attributed more affiliative intent to teasers and reported more positive target experience than did European Americans. Teaser behavior, attribution biases, and personality did not account for culture-related differences in teasing experience.

Subcellular distribution of protein kinase C isozymes during cardioplegic arrest.

Background: On the basis of the hypothesis that cardioplegia-associated myocardial depression was due to activation of protein kinase C, we examined whether specific protein kinase C isozymes would translocate to a cellular fraction containing myofilaments.

Methods: Isolated rat hearts were perfused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer for 30 minutes and arrested with 4 degrees C St Thomas No. 2 cardioplegic solution for 0 to 120 minutes (n = 5 per group).