Identifying elevated child weight from 3 to 24 months: Early transitions into nonparental care and to solid foods.

Background: Early entry into nonparental care (NPC) and introduction to solid foods (ITS) have been linked to elevated weight, however, little research exists on the combined influence of these transitions on child weight over time.

Objectives: Identify groups of children based on early NPC and ITS timing and examine whether NPC-ITS groups differentially affect child weight over time.

Method: Data were drawn from STRONG Kids2 (n = 468).

Western, Healthful, and Low-Preparation Diet Patterns in Preschoolers of the STRONG Kids2 Program.

Objective: Identify and describe diet patterns of children during early childhood using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Design: Longitudinal data were drawn from the STRONG Kids 2 program.

Participants: Mothers were surveyed about their child's diet at 24 (n = 337), 36 (n = 317), and 48 (n = 289) months old.

Longitudinal changes in home food availability and concurrent associations with food and nutrient intake among children at 24-48 months.

Objectives: To describe changes in home food availability during early childhood, including modified, developmentally sensitive obesogenic scores, and to determine whether home food availability is associated with food and nutrient intakes of children concurrently, over time.

Design: Data were drawn from the STRONG Kids 2 longitudinal, birth cohort to achieve the study objectives. Home food availability was assessed with the Home Food Inventory (HFI) and included fifteen food groups (e.

Longitudinal changes in home food availability across the first 3 years of life and associations with family context predictors.

Background: There is limited research tracking changes in home food availability during the first 3 years of life and whether the family context influences these changes.

Objective: This study examined changes in and predictors of home food availability across the first 3 years of life.

Design: This study utilized longitudinal data from the STRONG Kids2 birth cohort from the target child at 6 weeks to 36 months postpartum.

WIC Staff Views and Perceptions on the Relationship between Food Insecurity and Perinatal Depression.

Food insecurity and perinatal depression are significant public health concerns for perinatal services, however descriptive research examining their association is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the views and perspectives of staff from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program on the relationship between food insecurity and perinatal depression among their WIC clients. Four, semi-structured focus groups with WIC staff ( = 24) were conducted across four diverse nonmetropolitan public health districts in Midwestern counties in the United States.

Food and beverage offerings by parents of preschoolers: A daily survey study of dinner offerings during COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have altered parents' daily feeding practices, including what and how much they feed their children, which may have negative implications for children's weight. The primary aim of this study was to examine patterns of and variation in parents' daily food and beverage offerings at dinner across 10 days during the COVID-19 pandemic using descriptive analysis and non-parametric tests. Ninety-nine parents (M = 32.

Patterns of Childhood Body Mass Index Percentile Gains as Predictors of Adolescent Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Blood Pressure.

Objective: To examine whether patterns of body mass index (BMI) percentile gains across childhood predict BMI percentile, overweight and obesity, waist circumference, and elevated or prehypertensive blood pressure at age 15.

Methods: Trained technicians in the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development assessed children's weight and height from birth to 15 years and waist circumference and blood pressure at age 15 (n = 1132). Children's BMI percentile trajectories from age 2 to age 13 along with 28 demographic and social covariates were used to predict BMI percentile, waist circumference, overweight, obesity, and elevated or prehypertensive blood pressure.

Ability to Categorize Food Predicts Hypothetical Food Choices in Head Start Preschoolers.

Objective: To investigate whether preschoolers are able to identify and categorize foods, and whether their ability to classify food as healthy predicts their hypothetical food choice.

Design: Structured interviews and body measurements with preschoolers, and teacher reports of classroom performance.

Setting: Six Head Start centers in a large southeastern region.

PhotoPoint photodynamic therapy with local drug delivery eliminates vessel wall cells in arteriovenous graft models.

Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of PhotoPoint photodynamic therapy (PDT) with local drug delivery, optimize dosimetry in a rabbit jugular vein model, and investigate its ability to deplete potential neointimal precursor cells in the vessel wall in a canine arteriovenous graft (AVG) model.

Methods And Materials: Photosensitizer MV2101 was administered locally in rabbit veins, incubated for 0-40 min and activated with external laser light. In canine veins, MV2101 was incubated for 30 min and activated by light.