Vaccines for influenza have historically been made using chicken eggs, which limits flexibility and rapid expansion of production, especially during pandemics.
Issues can arise from egg supply shortages and contamination problems during the manufacturing process, leading to inconsistencies between egg-grown viruses and those from human samples.
Manufacturers are exploring cell-based production methods using Vero and MDCK cell lines, which can achieve similar yields to eggs while also addressing regulatory concerns about animal products.