Severe Maternal Morbidity and Postpartum Care: An Investigation Among a Privately Insured Population in the United States, 2008-2019.

This study examines postpartum health care utilization among women with severe maternal morbidity (SMM) subtypes (e.g., blood transfusion, renal), focusing on both early (within 7 days) and late (8-42 days) postpartum periods.

Determining a urinary-specific antibiogram and risk factors of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and multidrug resistance among Enterobacterales in primary care.

Background: Risk factors for ciprofloxacin or MDR in primary care urine specimens are not well defined.

Objectives: We created a primary care-specific antibiogram for Escherichia coli isolates from cases with complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) and evaluated risk factors for ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and MDR among Enterobacterales.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine resistance and risk factors by collecting urine cultures from all patients (≥18 years) presenting with provider-suspected UTI at two primary care, safety-net clinics in Houston, TX, USA between November 2018 and March 2020.

Gender role beliefs and adolescent pregnancy in Colombia: findings from the 2015 DHS survey.

This study investigated the association between gender role beliefs and the prevalence and likelihood of experiencing pregnancy among 8525 young women and girls aged 13-19 years in Colombia. The primary outcome of interest was adolescent pregnancy. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis utilised data from the 2015 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in Colombia, which included an add-on questionnaire on gender relations.

Demographic Determinants and Geographical Variability of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Underserved Communities: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths disproportionately affect underserved and minority populations, emphasizing that vaccine hesitancy can be an especially important public health risk factor in these populations.

Objective: This study aims to characterize COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in underserved diverse populations.

Methods: The Minority and Rural Coronavirus Insights Study (MRCIS) recruited a convenience sample of adults (age≥18, N=3735) from federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in California, the Midwest (Illinois/Ohio), Florida, and Louisiana and collected baseline data in November 2020-April 2021.

Severe maternal morbidity at delivery and postpartum readmission in the United States.

Background: Little is known about the extent to which severe maternal morbidity (SMM) at delivery impacts early and late postpartum readmission.

Objectives: We examined readmission rates for women with and without SMM (and their 18 subtypes) at delivery and characterised the most common medical reasons for readmissions.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilising the 2016-2017 Nationwide Readmissions Database among women giving births in the United States.

Estimating the obstetric co-morbidity burden using administrative data: The impact of the pregnancy-related assessment window.

Background: Despite increased research using large administrative databases to identify determinants of maternal morbidity and mortality, the extent to which these databases capture obstetric co-morbidities is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the impact that the time window used to assess obstetric co-morbidities has on the completeness of ascertainment of those co-morbidities.

Methods: We conducted a five-year analysis of inpatient hospitalisations of pregnant women from 2010-2014 using the Nationwide Readmissions Database.

Different Trends in US Tobacco Use: Inpatient Databases and Population-Based Surveys.

Objectives: There is considerable evidence to support the effectiveness of inpatient tobacco cessation interventions. However, national trends data in tobacco-use disorder among hospitalized patients in the United States is scarce. We compared temporal trends (2002-2017) in diagnoses of tobacco-use disorder among hospitalized patients with estimates of current and former smoking in the general population, based on 2 multiyear national databases.

The Effect of Sexual Literacy on Adolescent Pregnancy in Colombia.

Study Objective: In the present study we investigated the association between receiving information on sexual literacy topics and likelihood of experiencing adolescent pregnancy.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Colombia.

Phenotypes and markers of cesarean delivery among Colombian women.

Objective: To investigate the association of socioeconomic status (SES) components (education, occupation, and household wealth) with number (1 or ≥2) and timing (planned/emergency) of cesarean delivery (CD) in Colombia, rates of which are well above the levels recommended by the World Health Organization.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using the 2015 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of Colombia was carried out; 38 718 women answered the woman only module. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to generate estimates of the association between markers of SES and likelihood of CD, timing of CD, and number of CDs.

Exploring classification of birth defects severity in national hospital discharge databases compared to an active surveillance program.

Objective: To explore the extent to which the severity of birth defects could be differentiated using severity of illness (SOI) and risk of mortality (ROM) measures available in national discharge databases.

Methods: Data from the 2012-14 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to identify hospitalizations with one or more major birth defects reported annually to the National Birth Defects Prevention Network using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes. Each hospitalization also contained a 4-level SOI and 4-level ROM classification measure.

Identifying Algorithms to Improve the Accuracy of Unverified Diagnosis Codes for Birth Defects.

Objectives: We identified algorithms to improve the accuracy of passive surveillance programs for birth defects that rely on administrative diagnosis codes for case ascertainment and in situations where case confirmation via medical record review is not possible or is resource prohibitive.

Methods: We linked data from the 2009-2011 Florida Birth Defects Registry, a statewide, multisource, passive surveillance program, to an enhanced surveillance database with selected cases confirmed through medical record review. For each of 13 birth defects, we calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) to compare the accuracy of 4 algorithms that varied case definitions based on the number of diagnoses, medical encounters, and data sources in which the birth defect was identified.

Assessing the Impact of Different Race-Bridging Algorithms on the Reported Rate of Birth Defects.

Introduction: In Florida prior to 2004, the birth certificate only allowed parents to identify themselves as 1 race. The birth certificate was subsequently revised in 2004, allowing parents to identify with more than 1 race. This inconsistency in data collection methods can greatly impact the results of race-specific time trend analyses.

National trends of hepatitis B and C during pregnancy across sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors, United States, 1998-2011.

Currently, data examining nationally representative prevalence and trends of HBV or HCV among specific subgroups of pregnant women in the US are unavailable. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of hospitalizations for liveborn singleton deliveries from 1998 to 2011 using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. After identifying deliveries with HBV, HCV, and HIV infection during pregnancy, survey logistic regression was used to identify risk factors.