Publications by authors named "Jennifer K Morrow"
Article Synopsis
- Equine rotavirus species A genotypes G3P[12] and G14P[12] are major causes of foal diarrhea, impacting the equine industry economically and showing potential for zoonotic transmission to humans, as seen in past outbreaks of severe gastroenteritis in children.
- Traditional cell culture methods for isolating rotaviruses are ineffective for ERVA, but researchers successfully isolated both strains using engineered cell lines with reduced antiviral immunity, revealing genetic similarities and differences that affect their ability to invoke immune responses.
- The study highlights limited cross-neutralization between G3P[12] and G14P[12], which explains increased diarrhea outbreaks in foals despite immunity from vaccines targeting G3P[12], paving
Background: Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused by Sarcocystis neurona remains an antemortem diagnostic challenge in some horses. Recent work suggested the use of real-time PCR (rtPCR) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a promising diagnostic tool.
Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of S.
Background: Streptococcus equi subspecies equi infection elicits M protein antibody titers in equids. Interpretation of titers is not generally accepted.
Hypothesis: The magnitude of S.
Background: Infection by 2 or more protozoa is linked with increased severity of disease in marine mammals with protozoan encephalitis.
Hypothesis/objectives: To assess whether horses with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused by Sarcocystis neurona also have evidence of infection with Neospora hughesi or Toxoplasma gondii. We hypothesized that horses with EPM would be more likely than horses with cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy (CVSM) to be positive for antibodies to multiple protozoan parasites.
The current study aimed at the investigating the potential use of phosphorylated neurofilament H (pNF-H) as a diagnostic biomarker for neurologic disorders in the horse. Paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (n=88) and serum only (n=30) were obtained from horses diagnosed with neurologic disorders and clinically healthy horses as control. The neurologic horses consisted of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) (38 cases) and cervical vertebral malformation (CVM) (23 cases).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The study reported here was undertaken to assess the presence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in the serum of horses of North American origin that had been relocated for 1 year or more to India (ie, outside of the known endemic areas for S. neurona).
Hypothesis: The presence or absence of such antibodies should provide information concerning the persistence of such antibodies, or support the presence of chronic infection, or both.
Sarcocystis neurona is the primary causative agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), a common neurologic disease of horses in the Americas. We have developed a set of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) based on the four major surface antigens of S. neurona (SnSAGs) to analyze the equine antibody response to S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeospora hughesi is a recently identified cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. However, the significance of this parasite is poorly understood. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a recombinant form of the N.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMurine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) induced by a defective LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) produces hematopoietic cytopenias similar to HIV in patients with AIDS. The pathogenesis of MAIDS induced cytopenias remains obscure; however, direct retroviral infection of bone marrow stroma has been implicated to play a role. To evaluate the consequential effect of viral infection, primary stromal cell cultures were transiently incubated in vitro with LP-BM5 MuLV viral supernatant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMurine acquired immunodeficiency disease (MAIDS) induced by LPBM5 MuLV is characterized by a late-stage lymphoma and hematopoietic cytopenias similar to those observed in human AIDS. The pathogenesis of MAIDS-related lymphoma/cytopenia is unknown but it has been postulated to involve a defective marrow microenvironment or stroma. The basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) of stromal origin is an important stimulator for hematopoietic progenitors of several lineages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA vaccine against Sarcocystis neurona, which induces equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), has received conditional licensure in the United States. A major concern is whether the immunoglobulin G (IgG) response elicited by the vaccine will compromise the use of Western blotting (WB) as a diagnostic tool in vaccinated horses with neurologic disease. Our goals were to determine if vaccination (1) causes seroconversion: (2) causes at least a transient increase in S neurona-specific IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); and (3) induces an IgG response that can be differentiated from that induced by natural exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine sensitivity and specificity of western blot testing (WBT) of CSF and serum for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses with and without neurologic abnormalities.
Design: Prospective investigation.
Animals: 65 horses with and 169 horses without neurologic abnormalities.
Objective: To determine whether antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona could be detected in CSF from clinically normal neonatal (2 to 7 days old) and young (2 to 3 months old) foals.
Design: Prospective study.
Animals: 15 clinically normal neonatal Thoroughbred foals.